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Author |
Jarvis, A.P. |
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Title |
Design, construction and performance of passive systems for the treatment of mine and spoil heap drainage |
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Year |
2000 |
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Keywords |
Sewage Geochemistry County Durham Compost wetland Reactor Water pollution & oil pollution |
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Thesis |
Ph.D. thesis |
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Publisher |
University of Newcastle upon Tyne, |
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Design, construction and performance of passive systems for the treatment of mine and spoil heap drainage; Opac |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 7115 |
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340 |
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Author |
Greben, H.A.; Matshusa, M.P.; Maree, J.P. |
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2005 |
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339-345 |
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Keywords |
water pollution biological Sulphate removal technology sulphate acidity metals treatment technique |
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Abstract |
Mining is implicated as a significant contributor to water pollution, the prime reason being, that pyrites oxidize to sulphuric acid when exposed to air and water. Mine effluents, often containing sulphate, acidity and metals, should be treated to render it suitable for re-use in the mining industry, for irrigation of crops or for discharge in water bodies. This study describes the removal of all three mentioned pollutants in mine effluents, from different origins, containing different concentrations of various metals. The objectives were achieved, applying the biological sulphate removal technology, using ethanol as the carbon and energy source. It was shown that diluting the mine effluent with the effluent from the biological treatment, the pH increased due to the alkalinity in the treated water while the metals precipitated with the produced sulphide. When this treatment regime was changed and the mine water was fed undiluted, it was found that the metals stimulated the methanogenic bacteria (MB) as trace elements. This resulted in a high COD utilization of the MB, such that too little COD was available for the SRB. Metal removal in all three studies was observed and in most instances the metals were eliminated to the required disposal concentration. |
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University of Oviedo |
Place of Publication |
Oviedo |
Editor |
Loredo, J.; Pendás, F. |
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Series Title |
Mine Water 2005 – Mine Closure |
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84-689-3415-1 |
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Notes |
The biological Sulphate removal technology; 1; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer; FG 'aha' 3 Abb., 9 Tab. |
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no |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 17347 |
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367 |
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Author |
Diz, H.R. |
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Title |
Chemical and biological treatment of acid mine drainage for the removal of heavy metals and acidity |
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Year |
1997 |
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Keywords |
acid mine drainage; copper; effluents; ferrous iron; heavy metals; iron; manganese; metals; nickel; oxidation; pH; pollution; precipitation; rates; tailings; temperature; waste water; zinc 22, Environmental geology |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg |
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Chemical and biological treatment of acid mine drainage for the removal of heavy metals and acidity; GeoRef; English |
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no |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 6316 |
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400 |
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Author |
Cram, J.C. |
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Title |
Diversion well treatment of acid water, Lick Creek, Tioga County, PA |
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Book Whole |
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Year |
1996 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Keywords |
acid mine drainage acid rain atmospheric precipitation carbonate rocks diversion wells Lick Creek limestone Pennsylvania pH pollution rain sedimentary rocks surface water Tioga County Pennsylvania United States water quality water treatment wells 22, Environmental geology |
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Abstract |
Diversion wells implement a fluidized bed of limestone for the treatment of acid water resulting from acid mine drainage or acid precipitation. This study was undertaken to better understand the operation of diversion wells and to define the physical and chemical factors having the greatest impact on the neutralization performance of the system. The study site was located near Lick Creek, a tributary stream of Babb Creek, near the Village of Arnot in Tioga County, Pennsylvania. Investigative methods included collection and analysis of site water quality and limestone data and field study of this as well as other diversion well sites. Analysis of data led to these general conclusions: The site received surface water influenced by three primary sources 1) precipitation, 2) mine drainage baseflow, and 3) melted snow. Water mostly influenced by precipitation events and mine drainage baseflow was more acidic than water influenced by melting snow conditions. The diversion wells were generally able to treat only half or less of the total stream flow of Lick Creek and under extremely high flow conditions the treatment provided was minimal. A range of flow conditions were identified which produced the best performance for the two diversion wells. Treatment produced by the system decreased through the loading cycle and increases to a maximum value after each weekly refilling of limestone. Fine grained sediment in the stream was found to be limestone of the same general composition as the material placed within the wells. Neutralization of acid water was largely due to microscopic particles rather than the limestone sediment discharged to the stream. Additional downstream buffering due to the limestone sediment physically discharged from the vessels was not apparent. Diversion well systems are inexpensive and simple to construct. In addition, the systems were found to be highly reliable and able to effectively treat acid water resulting from mine drainage and acid precipitation. Diversion wells provide better treatment when the treatment site is located at the source of the acidity (such as a mine discharge), rather than at the receiving stream. Systems should be designed with 15 to 20 feet of hydraulic head and the site must have year-round access. Diversion well systems require weekly addition of limestone gravel to the vessels to facilitate continual treatment. A great deal of commitment is necessary to maintain a diversion well system for long periods of time. These systems are more economical and require less attention that conventional chemical treatment of acid water. However, these systems require more attention that traditional passive treatment methods for treatment of acid, including mine drainage. |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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Publisher |
Pennsylvania State University at University Park, |
Place of Publication |
University Park |
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Notes |
Diversion well treatment of acid water, Lick Creek, Tioga County, PA; GeoRef; English; References: 49; illus. |
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no |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 16652 |
Serial |
411 |
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Author |
Brown, M.; Barley, B.; Wood, H. |
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Book Whole |
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Year |
2002 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Keywords |
acid mine drainage acidic composition bioremediation case studies chemical composition chemical reactions coal mines concentration constructed wetlands discharge England Europe Great Britain ground water international cooperation ion exchange kinetics legislation mines mining open-pit mining physicochemical properties policy pollution regulations remediation Scotland sulfate ion surface mining surface water tailings techniques technology underground mining United Kingdom Wales waste disposal waste management waste rock water pollution water resources water treatment weathering Western Europe wetlands 22, Environmental geology |
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Publisher |
IWA Publishing |
Place of Publication |
London |
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Series Title |
Minewater treatment; technology, application and policy |
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1843390043 |
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Notes |
Minewater treatment; technology, application and policy; 2006-084782; GeoRef; English; Includes appendices References: 416; illus. |
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no |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 16503 |
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433 |
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