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Author |
Aube, B.C.; Zinck, J.M. |
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Title |
Comparison of AMD treatment processes and their impact on sludge characteristics |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1999 |
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Keywords |
acid mine drainage cost decontamination density discharge geochemistry hydrochemistry leaching lime metals mine dewatering neutralization pH pollution remediation sludge stability tailings toxicity viscosity waste disposal water treatment 22, Environmental geology |
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Abstract |
Lime neutralisation for the treatment of acid mine drainage is one of the oldest water pollution control techniques practised by the mineral industry. Several advances have been made in the process in the last thirty years, particularly with respect to discharge concentrations and sludge density. However, the impact of different treatment processes on metal leachability and sludge handling properties has not been investigated. A study of treatment sludges sampled from various water treatment plants has shown that substantial differences can be related to the treatment process and raw water composition. This study suggests that sludge densities, excess alkalinity, long-term compaction properties, metal leachability, crystallinity and cost efficiency can be affected by the neutralisation process and specific process parameters. The study also showed that the sludge density and dewatering ability is not positively correlated with particle size as previously suggested in numerous studies. The treatment process comparisons include sludge samples from basic lime treatment, the conventional High Density Sludge (HDS) Process, and the Geco HDS Process. |
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Sudbury |
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Series Title |
Mining and the Environment II |
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2002-060865; Sudbury '99; Mining and the environment II--Sudbury '99; L'exploitation miniere et l'environnement, Sudbury, ON, Canada, Sept. 13-17, 1999 References: 10; illus. incl. 6 tables; GeoRef; English |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 16574 |
Serial |
473 |
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Author |
Cravotta, C.A., III; Watzlaf, G.R.; Naftz, D.L.; Morrison, S.J.; Fuller, C.C.; Davis, J.A. |
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Title |
Design and performance of limestone drains to increase pH and remove metals from acidic mine drainage Handbook of groundwater remediation using permeable reactive barriers; applications to radionuclides, trace metals, and nutrients |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
2002 |
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Keywords |
acid mine drainage; alkaline earth metals; aquatic environment; aquifers; calcium; carbonate rocks; chemical properties; construction; construction materials; crushed stone; dissolved materials; drainage; effluents; ground water; limestone; magnesium; metals; pH; pollution; porous materials; precipitation; retention; saturation; sedimentary rocks; sulfate ion; suspended materials 22, Environmental geology |
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Academic Press |
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Amsterdam |
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0125135637 |
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Design and performance of limestone drains to increase pH and remove metals from acidic mine drainage Handbook of groundwater remediation using permeable reactive barriers; applications to radionuclides, trace metals, and nutrients; GeoRef; English; 2004-040518; References: 66; illus. incl. 4 tables |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 5686 |
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81 |
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Author |
Ordónez, A.; Loredo, J.; Pendás, F. |
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Book Whole |
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1999 |
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575-580 |
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hydrogeology mining water acid mine drainage treatment SAPS successive alkalinity producing system ALD anoxic limestone drainage |
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International Mine Water Association |
Place of Publication |
Ii |
Editor |
Fernández Rubio, R. |
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Series Title |
Mine, Water & Environment |
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A Successive Alkalinity Producing System (SAPS) as operational Unit in a Hybrid Passive Treatment System for Acid Mine Drainage; 1; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer; FG 'de' 5 Abb., 4 Tab. |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 9836 |
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277 |
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Author |
Kuyucak, N.; Lindvall, M.; Rufo Serrano, J.A.; Oliva, A.F. |
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Book Whole |
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Year |
1999 |
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Pages |
473-479 |
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Keywords |
HDS lime sludge mine water treatment |
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Abstract |
Lime neutralization is a frequently used method in the mining industry for the treatment of acid waters. These waters contain metal ions such as zinc, manganese, copper, cadmium, lead, etc. The conventional, straight lime neutralization technology generates a Low Density Sludge (LDS) having only 1-2% solids content. This creates sludge disposal difficulties, and results in the loss of potentially large quantities of recovered water, which in turn increases the demand for fresh water requirements for mining/milling activities. The High Density Sludge (HDS) process, on the other hand, is the state-of-the-art technology in North America. It generates a dense sludge with less volume and better particulate properties. Furthermore, the typical gelatinous nature of the sludge changes to a granulated, sand-like texture. Boliden Apirsa, S.L. investigated the feasibility of an HDS process to increase the treatment capacity of their existing plant, and resolve the issues associated with the LDS process for their Los Frailes project. The project required, given that the production of ore was going to be doubled, a significant increase in water was needed without altering the water reservoir sitting north of the concentrator. In addition, the final effluent quality was a priority issue. First, a pilot-scale study was undertaken in 1996, and parameters critical to the design and performance of the process were determined. The results showed that the HDS process could significantly improve the sludge characteristics by increasing the solids fraction from 1.5 to 12.0%, thereby decreasing the sludge volume to be disposed to the tailings ponds by a factor of 10. A full-scale, HDS lime neutralization treatment plant for an average flow rate of 1500 m3/hr was designed and was commissioned in early 1998 in collaboration with Colder Associates, Ottawa, Canada. So far, the full-scale treatment plant has been generating a sludge with more than 30% solids content, exceeding its target value of 12% solids. It produces excellent effluent quality, and scaling in the handling equipment is virtually eliminated. The sludge has dense, easily settable granular particles rather than fluffy flocs, yet has low viscosity that facilitates its unassisted gravity flow. The process has resulted in an increase in the treated water volume. The rate of lime consumption per unit volume of water treated also decreased. The process principles and the steps taken in process development will be discussed and the results obtained to date will be summarized in this communication. |
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Publisher |
International Mine Water Association |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
Fernández Rubio, R. |
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Series Title |
Mine, Water & Environment |
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Implementation of a High Density Sludge “HDS” Treatment Process at the Boliden Apirsa Mine Site; 1; VORHANDEN | AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer; FG als Datei vorhanden 4 Abb., 4 Tab. |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 9751 |
Serial |
322 |
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Author |
Karathanasis, A.D.; Barton, C.D. |
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Title |
The revival of a failed constructed wetland treating a high Fe load AMD |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Proceedings; biogeochemistry of trace elements in coal and coal combustion byproducts |
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Keywords |
abandoned mines acid mine drainage anaerobic environment carbonate rocks characterization composting constructed wetlands design environmental analysis ferrihydrite geologic hazards hydrology hydroxides iron iron hydroxides Kentucky limestone metals minerals mines organic compounds oxides pollution remediation runoff sedimentary rocks sediments solubility sulfate ion United States water quality water treatment wetlands 22, Environmental geology |
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Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers |
Place of Publication |
New York |
Editor |
Sajwan, K.S.; Alva, A.K.; Keefer, R.F. |
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0306462885 |
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Notes |
The revival of a failed constructed wetland treating a high Fe load AMD; GeoRef; English; 2002-039561; Fourth international conference on the Biogeochemistry of trace elements, Berkeley, CA, United States, June 23, 1997 References: 45; illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 16571 |
Serial |
82 |
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