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Author |
Earley, D., III; Schmidt, R.D.; Kim, K. |
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Title |
Is sustainable mining an oxymoron? |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1997 |
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acids data processing development ground water leaching mineral resources mining mining geology models monitoring pollution production solutions 26A Economic geology, general, deposits 22 Environmental geology |
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Abstract |
Sustainable mining is generally considered to be an oxymoron because mineral deposits are viewed as nonrenewable resources that are fixed in the crust. However, minerals are conserved and recycled by plate tectonics which continually creates and destroys ore deposits. Though it is true that rock cycles have much longer periods than biomass cycles, the crust is essentially an infinite reservoir so long as we continue to invest in mineral exploration and processing technology. Implicit in the definition of sustainable development is the recognition that human development of resources in one reservoir may subsequently degrade resources supplied by another. The depreciation of overlapping and adjacent resources is often externalized in the cost to benefit accounting and cannot be sustained if the integrated cost/benefit ratio is greater than 1. The greatest obstacle to sustainability in mining is the expanding scale of excavation required to develop leaner ores because this activity degrades connected resources. In the case of open pit, sulfide ore mining the disturbed land may produce acid rock drainage (ARD). Because ARD will self-generate over the course of tens to hundreds of years the cost of controlling this pollution and rehabilitating mined lands is large and often spread over many generations. Secondary production of minerals from partially excavated deposits where there are preexisting environmental impacts and mine infrastructure help to reduce the risk of depreciating pristine resources, provided that new mining operations “do no (additional) harm” (Margoles, 1996). In turn, a percentage of the profits derived from secondary mineral production can be used for rehabilitation of the previously mined lands. These lands contain significant, albeit low grade, metal concentrations. These concepts are being developed and tested at the Mineral Park Sustainable Mining Research Facility where an in situ copper sulfide mining field experiment was conducted. Monitoring data and computer modeling indicate that ARD is not generated after closure. This is because the ore is not disturbed and is left saturated, whereas unsaturated conditions generate acidic drainage. The short term risk of groundwater contamination is mitigated by utilizing an exempt mine pit to capture any leach solutions that are not intercepted by the wellfield. Using green accounting techniques and transfer models it can be communicated that this mining scenario is an approach to sustainability. |
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Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America |
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Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting |
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1998-051450; Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, Oct. 20-23, 1997; GeoRef; English |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16638 |
Serial |
396 |
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Author |
Gale, J.E.; MacLeod, R.; Bursey, G. |
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Title |
The role of hydrogeology in developing effective mine water control programs in fractured porous rocks Resources development and Earth science; environmental and economic issues (Abstract) |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Atlantic Geology |
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Pages |
172 |
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Keywords |
anisotropy; bedrock; controls; fractured materials; fractures; geometry; ground water; heterogeneity; mine dewatering; mines; mining; mining geology; numerical models; permeability; porous materials; remediation; three-dimensional models; underground mining; velocity 21, Hydrogeology |
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35 |
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Pickerill, R.K.; Barr, S.M.; Williams, G.L. |
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The role of hydrogeology in developing effective mine water control programs in fractured porous rocks Resources development and Earth science; environmental and economic issues (Abstract); GeoRef; English; 2000-073328; Geological Association of Canada, 1999 annual technical meeting, Newfoundland Section, Saint Johns, NL, Canada, Feb. 22-23, 1999 |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 5958 |
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69 |
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Author |
Isaacson, A.E.; Jeffers, T.H. |
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Title |
Acid mine drainage remediation through applied water treatment systems Pollution prevention for process engineering |
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Book Chapter |
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1995 |
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acid mine drainage; acidification; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; chemical reactions; discharge; dissolved materials; ground water; infiltration; ion exchange; leachate; metal ores; mining; mining geology; models; open-pit mining; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; reclamation; remediation; soils; sulfides; surface mining; surface water; techniques; toxicity; uranium ores; waste water; water treatment 22, Environmental geology |
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Engineering Foundation |
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New York |
Editor |
Richardson, P.E.; Scheiner, B.J.; Lanzetta, F., Jr. |
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0939204533 |
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Acid mine drainage remediation through applied water treatment systems Pollution prevention for process engineering; GeoRef; English; 2000-063662; Engineering Foundation conference on Technical solution for pollution prevention in the mining and mineral processing industries, Palm Coast, FL, United States, Jan. 22-27, 1995 illus. |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 6450 |
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344 |
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Author |
Pettit, C.M.; Scharer, J.M.; Chambers, D.B.; Halbert, B.E.; Kirkaldy, J.L.; Bolduc, L. |
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Title |
Neutral mine drainage |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Sudbury '99; mining and the environment II; Conference proceedings |
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acid mine drainage drainage geochemistry mining mining geology models neutral mine drainage pH pollution remediation technology water management water quality water resources 22, Environmental geology |
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Abstract |
Acid mine drainage is recognized as a serious environmental issue at mine sites world wide. While sulphate and metal concentrations in acidic drainage can reach exceptionally high levels, these can also be elevated and of concern in neutral drainage from waste rock and tailings. “Neutral mine drainage” (NMD) has not yet received as widespread attention as acid mine drainage (AMD). The oxidation of sulphide minerals and the production of either acidic or neutral contaminated drainage is affected by many factors. This paper examines the specific factors that result in the production of “neutral mine drainage” from mine wastes. Several case studies are presented which involve predictive geochemical modelling to illustrate the possible time frame and magnitude of contaminated neutral drainage. |
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Sudbury Environmental |
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Sudbury |
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Goldsack, D.; Belzile, N.; Yearwood, P.; Hall, G.J. |
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0886670470 |
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Neutral mine drainage; GeoRef; English; 2000-043769; Sudbury '99; Mining and the environment II--Sudbury '99; L'exploitation miniere et l'environnement II, Sudbury, ON, Canada, Sept. 13-17, 1999 References: 12; illus. incl. 3 tables |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 16589 |
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270 |
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Author |
Wingenfelder, U.; Hansen, C.; Furrer, G.; Schulin, R. |
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Title |
Removal of heavy metals from mine waters by natural zeolites |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Environ Sci Technol, ES & T |
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39 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
4606-4613 |
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Keywords |
Groundwater problems and environmental effects Pollution and waste management non radioactive remediation heavy metal mine drainage acid mine drainage; acidification; Central Europe; chemical composition; chemical fractionation; dissolved materials; Europe; framework silicates; geochemistry; grain size; heavy metals; hydrochemistry; ion exchange; lead; metals; mines; mining; mobilization; models; pH; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; remediation; samples; silicates; spectra; Switzerland; toxic materials; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray fluorescence spectra; zeolite group |
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G. Furrer, Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Grabenstrasse 3, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland gerhard.furrer@env.ethz.ch |
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0013-936x |
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Removal of heavy metals from mine waters by natural zeolites; 2006-086777; References: 42; illus. incl. 3 tables United States (USA); GeoRef; English |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 5382 |
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71 |
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