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Ntengwe, F.W. |
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An overview of industrial wastewater treatment and analysis as means of preventing pollution of surface and underground water bodies – The case of Nkana Mine in Zambia |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2005 |
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Phys. Chem. Earth |
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30 |
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11-16 Spec. Iss. |
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726-734 |
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mine water treatment Groundwater problems and environmental effects Pollution and waste management non radioactive geomechanics abstracts: excavations (77 10 10) geological abstracts: environmental geology (72 14 2) wastewater pollution control acid mine drainage Hyacinthus Zambia Southern Africa Sub Saharan Africa Africa Eastern Hemisphere World |
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The wastewaters coming from mining operations usually have low pH (acidic) values and high levels of metal pollutants depending on the type of metals being extracted. If unchecked, the acidity and metals will have an impact on the surface water. The organisms and plants can adversely be affected and this renders both surface and underground water unsuitable for use by the communities. The installation of a treatment plant that can handle the wastewaters so that pH and levels of pollutants are reduced to acceptable levels provides a solution to the prevention of polluting surface and underground waters and damage to ecosystems both in water and surrounding soils. The samples were collected at five points and analyzed for acidity, total suspended solids, and metals. It was found that the pH fluctuated between pH 2 when neutralization was forgotten and pH 11 when neutralization took place. The levels of metals that could cause impacts to the water ecosystem were found to be high when the pH was low. High levels of metals interfere with multiplication of microorganisms, which help in the natural purification of water in stream and river bodies. The fish and hyacinth placed in water at the two extremes of pH 2 and pH 11 could not survive indicating that wastewaters from mining areas should be adequately treated and neutralized to pH range 6-9 if life in natural waters is to be sustained. < copyright > 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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F.W. Ntengwe, Copperbelt University, School of Technology, P.O. Box 21692, Kitwe, Zambia fntengwe@cbu.ac.zm |
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1474-7065 |
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Review; An overview of industrial wastewater treatment and analysis as means of preventing pollution of surface and underground water bodies – The case of Nkana Mine in Zambia; 2790318; United-Kingdom 23; file:///C:/Dokumente%20und%20Einstellungen/Stefan/Eigene%20Dateien/Artikel/10301.pdf; Geobase |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17497 |
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24 |
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Perry, A.; Kleinmann, R.L.P. |
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Title |
The use of constructed wetlands in the treatment of acid mine drainage |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1991 |
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Natural Resources Forum |
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15 |
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3 |
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178-184 |
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quality standard water treatment constructed wetland pond system acid mine drainage USA 1 Geography |
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US government regulations require that all effluents from industrial operations, including mining, meet certain water quality standards. Constructed wetlands have proven to be useful in helping to attain those standards. Application of this biotechnology to mine water drainage can reduce water treatment costs and improve water quality in streams and rivers adversely affected by acidic mine water drainage from abandoned mines. Over 400 constructed wetland water treatment systems have been built on mined lands largely as a result of research by the US Bureau of Mines. Wetlands are passive biological treatment systems that are relatively inexpensive to construct and require minimal maintenance. Chemical treatment costs are reduced sufficiently to repay the cost of construction in less than a year. The mine waste water is typically treated in a series of excavated ponds that resemble small marsh areas. The ponds are engineered to facilitate bacterial oxidation of iron. Ideally, the water then flows through a composted organic substrate supporting a population of sulphate-reducing bacteria which raises the pH. Constructed wetlands in the US are described – their history, functions, construction methodologies, applicabilities, limitations and costs. -Authors |
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US Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 2401 E Street, NW Washington, DC 20241, USA |
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The use of constructed wetlands in the treatment of acid mine drainage; (0895945); 92h-01979; Using Smart Source Parsing pp; Geobase |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17569 |
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272 |
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Pettit, C.M.; Scharer, J.M.; Chambers, D.B.; Halbert, B.E.; Kirkaldy, J.L.; Bolduc, L. |
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Neutral mine drainage |
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Book Chapter |
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1999 |
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Sudbury '99; mining and the environment II; Conference proceedings |
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acid mine drainage drainage geochemistry mining mining geology models neutral mine drainage pH pollution remediation technology water management water quality water resources 22, Environmental geology |
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Acid mine drainage is recognized as a serious environmental issue at mine sites world wide. While sulphate and metal concentrations in acidic drainage can reach exceptionally high levels, these can also be elevated and of concern in neutral drainage from waste rock and tailings. “Neutral mine drainage” (NMD) has not yet received as widespread attention as acid mine drainage (AMD). The oxidation of sulphide minerals and the production of either acidic or neutral contaminated drainage is affected by many factors. This paper examines the specific factors that result in the production of “neutral mine drainage” from mine wastes. Several case studies are presented which involve predictive geochemical modelling to illustrate the possible time frame and magnitude of contaminated neutral drainage. |
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Sudbury Environmental |
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Sudbury |
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Goldsack, D.; Belzile, N.; Yearwood, P.; Hall, G.J. |
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0886670470 |
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Neutral mine drainage; GeoRef; English; 2000-043769; Sudbury '99; Mining and the environment II--Sudbury '99; L'exploitation miniere et l'environnement II, Sudbury, ON, Canada, Sept. 13-17, 1999 References: 12; illus. incl. 3 tables |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16589 |
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270 |
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Rammlmair, D.; Grissemann, C. |
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Title |
Natural attenuation in slag heaps versus remediation |
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2000 |
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Applied mineralogy in research, economy, technology, ecology and culture |
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645-648 |
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acid mine drainage; alteration; concentration; concepts; crust; deposition; design; development; diagenesis; exhalative processes; fines; fluvial features; ground water; leaching; metallurgy; mining; mining geology; mobilization; natural attenuation; physicochemical properties; Plantae; pollution; precipitation; remediation; rivers; slag; time scales; toxic materials; transportation; volatiles; wind transport 22, Environmental geology |
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Rammlmair, D.; Mederer, J.; Oberthuer, T.; Heimann, R.B.; Pentinghaus, H.J. |
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9058091643 |
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Natural attenuation in slag heaps versus remediation; GeoRef; English; 2007-039910; Sixth international congress on Applied mineralogy in research, economy, technology, ecology, and culture, Gottingen, Federal Republic of Germany, July 17-19, 2000 References: 5; illus. |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 5864 |
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266 |
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Author |
Rees, B.; Bowell, R.; Dey, M.; Williams, K. |
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Title |
Passive treatment; a walk away solution? |
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Journal Article |
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2001 |
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Mining Environmental Management |
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9 |
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2 |
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7-8 |
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acid mine drainage; acidification; alkalinity; bacteria; bioremediation; buffers; chemical reactions; cost; effluents; ferric iron; ferrous iron; filtration; ground water; hydrolysis; iron; metals; monitoring; oxidation; permeability; pH; pollution; remediation; substrates; sulfate ion; suspended materials; water management; water pollution; water quality; water treatment; wetlands 22, Environmental geology |
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0969-4218 |
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Passive treatment; a walk away solution?; 2001-050826; References: 3; illus. United Kingdom (GBR); GeoRef; English |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 5722 |
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265 |
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