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Author |
Zinck, J.M.; Aube, B.C. |
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Title |
Optimization of lime treatment processes |
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Journal Article |
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2000 |
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CIM Bull. |
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93 |
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1043 |
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98-105 |
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Pollution and waste management non radioactive Groundwater problems and environmental effects geological abstracts: environmental geology (72 14 2) geomechanics abstracts: excavations (77 10 10) acid mine drainage buffering lime Canada |
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Abstract  |
Lime neutralization technology is widely used in Canada for the treatment of acid mine drainage and other acidic effluents. In many locations, improvements to the lime neutralization process are necessary to achieve a maximum level of sludge densification and stability. Conventional lime neutralization technology effectively removes dissolved metals to below regulated limits. However, the metal hydroxide and gypsum sludge generated is voluminous and often contains less than 5% solids. Despite recent improvements in the lime neutralization technology, each year, more than 6 700 000 m3 of sludge are generated by treatment facilities operated by the Canadian mining industry. Because lime neutralization is still seen as the best available approach for some sites, sludge production and stability are expected to remain as issues in the near future. Several treatment parameters significantly impact operating costs, effluent quality, sludge production and the geochemical stability of the sludge. Studies conducted both at CANMET and NTC have shown that through minor modifications to the treatment process, plant operators can experience a reduction in operating costs, volume of sludge generated, metal release to the environment and liability. This paper discusses how modifications in plant operation and design can reduce treatment costs and liability associated with lime treatment. |
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J.M. Zinck, CANMET, Mining and Mineral Sciences Lab., Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, Ont., Canada |
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0317-0926 |
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Optimization of lime treatment processes; 2291672; Canada 17; Geobase |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17537 |
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183 |
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Author |
Wolkersdorfer, C. |
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Title |
Mine water tracer tests as a basis for remediation strategies |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Chemie der Erde |
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65 |
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Suppl. 1 |
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65-74 |
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Mine water treatment Stratification Convection First flush Tracer tests Microspheres Reactive transport Groundwater problems and environmental effects Pollution and waste management non radioactive acid mine drainage remediation |
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Abstract |
Mining usually causes severe anthropogenic changes by which the ground- or surface water might be significantly polluted. One of the main problems in the mining industry are acid mine drainage, the drainage of heavy metals, and the prediction of mine water rebound after mine closure. Therefore, the knowledge about the hydraulic behaviour of the mine water within the flooded mine might significantly reduce the costs of mine closure and remediation. In the literature, the difficulties in evaluating the hydrodynamics of flooded mines are well described, but only few tracer tests in flooded mines have been published so far. Most tracer tests linked to mine water problems were related to either pollution of the aquifer or radioactive waste disposal and not the mine water itself. Applying the results of the test provides possibilities f or optimizing the outcome of the source-path-target methodology and therefore diminishes the costs of remediation strategies. Consequently, prior to planning of remediation strategies or numerical simulations, relatively cheap and reliable results for decision making can be obtained via a well conducted tracer test. < copyright > 2005 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. |
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C. Wolkersdorfer, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Lehrstuhl fur Hydrogeologie, 09596 Freiberg, Sachsen, Germany c.wolke@tu-freiberg.de |
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0009-2819 |
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Sep 19; Mine water tracer tests as a basis for remediation strategies; 2767887; Germany 34; Geobase |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17499 |
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34 |
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Rukin, N. |
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Whittle mine water treatment system: In-river attenuation of manganese |
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Journal Article |
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2003 |
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Land Contam. Reclam. |
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11 |
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2 |
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137-144 |
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Pollution and waste management non radioactive Groundwater problems and environmental effects geological abstracts: environmental geology (72 14 2) geomechanics abstracts: excavations (77 10 10) river water natural attenuation manganese water treatment mine drainage coal mine |
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Much work has been undertaken on the design of treatment systems to remove iron from ochreous mine water discharges. Unlike iron, manganese removal is far more difficult and generally requires active chemical dosing rather than passive treatment. The need for manganese removal can therefore significantly change the economics, management attention and sustainability of a site. Understanding natural attenuation of manganese in river systems is therefore key to deciding whether (active) manganese treatment is needed to protect downstream receptors. Nuttall (2002, this volume) describes the effectiveness of the passive treatment system at Whittle in reducing both iron and manganese concentrations in ochreous mine waters. This paper discusses the results of in-river monitoring and provides evidence for manganese removal downstream of the discharge point. In addition to dilution, attenuation appears to be in the order of 20 to 50%, depending on relative rates of mine water discharge and river flows. Such attenuation means that active treatment may not be needed for the long-term operation of the Whittle scheme. Operation of the scheme commenced in July 2002, with monitoring to further examine evidence for manganese attenuation and any impact on the ecology of the recipient watercourses. |
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N. Rukin, Entec UK Ltd., 160-162 Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury SY2 6BZ, United Kingdom |
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0967-0513 |
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Whittle mine water treatment system: In-river attenuation of manganese; 2530418; United-Kingdom 2; Geobase |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17521 |
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257 |
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Laine, D.M.; Jarvis, A.P. |
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Title |
Engineering design aspects of passive in situ remediation of mining effluents |
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Journal Article |
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2003 |
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Land Contam. Reclam. |
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11 |
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2 |
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113-126 |
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Groundwater problems and environmental effects Pollution and waste management non radioactive waste management pyrite iron sulfide remediation mine drainage effluent |
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Passive treatment of contaminated effluents can offer a 'low cost' management opportunity to remediate drainages to the standards required by enforcement agencies. However, the initial cost of construction of passive treatment systems is significant and often in excess of that for active treatment systems. It is therefore important that the engineering design of the passive systems produces an effective and efficient scheme to enable the construction and maintenance costs to be minimised as far as possible. Possible parameters for the design of passive systems are suggested to seek to obtain uniformity in size and layout of treatment elements where this may be possible. Passive treatment systems include aeration systems, sedimentation ponds, aerobic and anaerobic wetlands, anoxic limestone drains and reducing alkalinity producing systems. Most active treatment systems also include passive elements in the treatment stream. The basic design considerations that should be considered to ensure the construction of efficient systems are discussed. |
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D.M. Laine, IMC Consulting Engineers, PO Box 18, Sutton-in-Ashfield NG17 2NS, United Kingdom |
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0967-0513 |
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Engineering design aspects of passive in situ remediation of mining effluents; 2530416; United-Kingdom 22; Geobase |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17523 |
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60 |
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Author |
Hulshof, A.H.M.; Blowes, D.W.; Douglas Gould, W. |
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Title |
Evaluation of in situ layers for treatment of acid mine drainage: A field comparison |
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Journal Article |
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2006 |
Publication |
Water Res |
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40 |
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9 |
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1816-1826 |
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mine water Pollution and waste management non radioactive Groundwater problems and environmental effects acid mine drainage organic carbon oxidation microbial activity drainage groundwater pollution Bacteria microorganisms Contamination Groundwater Barriers Drainage Treatment |
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Reactive treatment layers, containing labile organic carbon, were evaluated to determine their ability to promote sulfate reduction and metal sulfide precipitation within a tailings impoundment, thereby treating tailings effluent prior to discharge. Organic carbon materials, including woodchips and pulp waste, were mixed with the upper meter of tailings in two separate test cells, a third control cell contained only tailings. In the woodchip cell sulfate reduction rates were 500 mg L-1 a-1, (5.2 mmol L-1 a-1) this was coupled with the gradual removal of 350 mg L-1 Zn (5.4 mmol L-1). Decreased δ13CDIC values from -3‰ to as low as -12‰ indicated that sulfate reduction was coupled with organic carbon oxidation. In the pulp waste cell the most dramatic change was observed near the interface between the pulp waste amended tailings and the underlying undisturbed tailings. Sulfate reduction rates were 5000 mg L-1 a-1 (52 mmol L-1 a-1), Fe concentrations decreased by 80–99.5% (148 mmol L-1) and Zn was consistently <5 mg L-1. Rates of sulfate reduction and metal removal decreased as the pore water migrated upward into the shallower tailings. Increased rates of sulfate reduction in the pulp waste cell were consistent with decreased δ13CDIC values, to as low as -22‰, and increased populations of sulfate reducing bacteria. Lower concentrations of the nutrients, phosphorus, organic carbon and nitrogen in the woodchip material contribute to the lower sulfate reduction rates observed in the woodchip cell. |
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0043-1354 |
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May; Evaluation of in situ layers for treatment of acid mine drainage: A field comparison; file:///C:/Dokumente%20und%20Einstellungen/Stefan/Eigene%20Dateien/Artikel/10040.pdf; Science Direct |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 10040 |
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49 |
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