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Eger, P.; Melchert, G.; Antonson, D.; Wagner, J. |
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Title |
Magnesium hydroxide as a treatment for acid mine drainage in northern Minnesota |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1993 |
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Proceedings of the Annual National Meeting – American Society for Surface Mining and Reclamation, vol.10 |
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204-217 |
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acid mine drainage acidification alkaline earth metals chemical properties cobalt copper drainage experimental studies hydroxides laboratory studies lime magnesium magnesium hydroxide metals Minnesota nickel northern Minnesota oxides pH pollution porous materials reagents remediation residence time trace metals United States waste disposal zinc 22, Environmental geology |
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Abstract |
Three alkaline materials were investigated for their suitability to treat acid mine drainage generated by a research facility located at a remote site in northern Minnesota. The materials investigated were hydrated lime, sodium hydroxide, and magnesium hydroxide. All three reagents were successful at raising pH and removing trace metals from the drainage, but the magnesium hydroxide had the added benefit of producing a maximum pH of approximately 9.5, while the other two reagents resulted in pH values of 12 and greater. In addition, the magnesium hydroxide was available as a high solid content slurry (58%) which simplified application and handling, and which produced the lowest volume of sludge of the materials tested. |
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Zamora, B.A.; Connolly, R.E. |
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The challenge of integrating diverse perspectives in reclamation |
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Magnesium hydroxide as a treatment for acid mine drainage in northern Minnesota; GeoRef; English; 2002-028930; 10th annual national meeting of the American Society for Surface Mining and Reclamation, Spokane, WA, United States, May 16, 1993 References: 7; illus. incl. 4 tables |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16743 |
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393 |
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Author |
Diz, H.R. |
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Title |
Chemical and biological treatment of acid mine drainage for the removal of heavy metals and acidity |
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1997 |
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acid mine drainage; copper; effluents; ferrous iron; heavy metals; iron; manganese; metals; nickel; oxidation; pH; pollution; precipitation; rates; tailings; temperature; waste water; zinc 22, Environmental geology |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, |
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Blacksburg |
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Chemical and biological treatment of acid mine drainage for the removal of heavy metals and acidity; GeoRef; English |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 6316 |
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400 |
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Davies, G.J.; Holmes, M.; Wireman, M.; King, K.; Gertson, J.N.; Stefanic, J.M. |
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Title |
Water tracing at scales of hours to decades as an aid to estimating hydraulic characteristics of the Leadville Mine drainage tunnel |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2001 |
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acid mine drainage Arkansas River Colorado drainage dye tracers field studies fluorescence ground water Lake County Colorado Leadville Mine Leadville mining district pH quantitative analysis recharge surveys tunnels United States water treatment 30 Engineering geology 21 Hydrogeology |
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The Leadville Mine Drainage Tunnel (LMDT) is a 3.3 kilometer structure that was constructed in the complicated geology of the Leadville mine district in the 1940's. Discharge from the LMDT is impacted by heavy metals and is treated at a plant built in 1992 operated by the United States Bureau of Reclamation. On the surface waste rock and other remnants of the mining operations litter the landscape and this material is exposed to precipitation. As a result of contact with this material, surface water often has pH of less than 3 and its containment and disposal is necessary before it impacts surface drainage and the nearby Arkansas River. Using a borehole drilled into the mine workings the U.S. EPA has devised a plan in which the impacted water is contained on the surface which then can be discharged into the mine workings to discharge from the LMDT and be treated. The percentage of water discharging from the mining district along the drainage tunnel is unknown, and since there is no access, information about the condition of the tunnel with regards to blockages is also relatively obscure. Application of quantitative water tracing using fluorescent dyes was used to model the flow parameters at the scale of hours in the tunnel and evaluate the likelihood of blockages. Because the tunnel has intersected several lithologies and faults, other locations such as discharging shafts, adits and surface streams that could be hydraulically connected to the LMDT were also monitored. An initial tracer experiment was done using an instantaneous injection, which was followed by additional injections of water. Another tracer injection was done when there was a continuous flow of impacted water into the workings. Analysis of the tracer concentration responses at water-filled shafts and at the portal were used to model the flow along the tunnel and estimate several hydraulic parameters. Waters in these settings are mixtures of components with different residence times, so, qualitative tritium data were used to evaluate residence times of decades. The combined injected tracer and tritium data as well as other geochemical data were used to infer the nature of flow and recharge into the tunnel. |
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Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America |
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Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting |
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2004-013418; Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting, Boston, MA, United States, Nov. 1-10, 2001; GeoRef; English |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 16511 |
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408 |
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Author |
Cram, J.C. |
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Title |
Diversion well treatment of acid water, Lick Creek, Tioga County, PA |
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Year |
1996 |
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acid mine drainage acid rain atmospheric precipitation carbonate rocks diversion wells Lick Creek limestone Pennsylvania pH pollution rain sedimentary rocks surface water Tioga County Pennsylvania United States water quality water treatment wells 22, Environmental geology |
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Diversion wells implement a fluidized bed of limestone for the treatment of acid water resulting from acid mine drainage or acid precipitation. This study was undertaken to better understand the operation of diversion wells and to define the physical and chemical factors having the greatest impact on the neutralization performance of the system. The study site was located near Lick Creek, a tributary stream of Babb Creek, near the Village of Arnot in Tioga County, Pennsylvania. Investigative methods included collection and analysis of site water quality and limestone data and field study of this as well as other diversion well sites. Analysis of data led to these general conclusions: The site received surface water influenced by three primary sources 1) precipitation, 2) mine drainage baseflow, and 3) melted snow. Water mostly influenced by precipitation events and mine drainage baseflow was more acidic than water influenced by melting snow conditions. The diversion wells were generally able to treat only half or less of the total stream flow of Lick Creek and under extremely high flow conditions the treatment provided was minimal. A range of flow conditions were identified which produced the best performance for the two diversion wells. Treatment produced by the system decreased through the loading cycle and increases to a maximum value after each weekly refilling of limestone. Fine grained sediment in the stream was found to be limestone of the same general composition as the material placed within the wells. Neutralization of acid water was largely due to microscopic particles rather than the limestone sediment discharged to the stream. Additional downstream buffering due to the limestone sediment physically discharged from the vessels was not apparent. Diversion well systems are inexpensive and simple to construct. In addition, the systems were found to be highly reliable and able to effectively treat acid water resulting from mine drainage and acid precipitation. Diversion wells provide better treatment when the treatment site is located at the source of the acidity (such as a mine discharge), rather than at the receiving stream. Systems should be designed with 15 to 20 feet of hydraulic head and the site must have year-round access. Diversion well systems require weekly addition of limestone gravel to the vessels to facilitate continual treatment. A great deal of commitment is necessary to maintain a diversion well system for long periods of time. These systems are more economical and require less attention that conventional chemical treatment of acid water. However, these systems require more attention that traditional passive treatment methods for treatment of acid, including mine drainage. |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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Pennsylvania State University at University Park, |
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University Park |
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Diversion well treatment of acid water, Lick Creek, Tioga County, PA; GeoRef; English; References: 49; illus. |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 16652 |
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411 |
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Author |
Chironis, N.P. |
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Title |
Mine-built ponds economically clear acid mine waters |
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Journal Article |
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1987 |
Publication |
Coal Age |
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1 |
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58-61 |
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Keywords |
Biologische-Abwasserreinigung Waessrige-Loesung Industrieabwasser Pflanze Gewaesser Ph-Wert Abwasserbehandlung Saeure Buntmetalle Grubenwasser |
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Bestimmte Wasserpflanzen in Teichen können Metalle aus sauren Grubenwässern binden durch Adsorption, Filtration und Einlagerung in Wurzeln und Blättern. Algen und oxydierende Bakterien unterstützen diesen Reinigungsprozeß. Angaben zur Anlage der Teiche: Durchflußkapazität 20 l/min bis 38 l/min, Spülung von 18 m(exp 2) pro 4 l Durchflußmenge, Wasserhöhe 5 cm bis 10 cm, der pH-Wert des austretenden Wassers ist größer als 4,0. |
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Mine-built ponds economically clear acid mine waters; 316, BERG , 01.01.87; Words: 257; U8712 3772 586; 3 Bilder, 3 Quellen 3UXX *Belastung von Wasser, Wasserreinhaltung, Abwasser* 3UMB *Abfallstoffe, behandlung, vermeidung, verwertung, wirtschaft* 3PZ *Bioverfahrenstechnik, Biotechnologie*; BERG, Copyright FIZ Technik e.V.; EN Englisch |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17616 |
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418 |
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