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Potgieter-Vermaak, S.S.; Potgieter, J.H.; Monama, P.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Comparison of limestone, dolomite and fly ash as pre-treatment agents for acid mine drainage |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Minerals Engineering |
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19 |
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5 |
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454-462 |
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Acid rock drainage Mining Tailings Environmental |
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Abstract |
The physical, chemical and biological nature of Vaal Dam water, the main source of water in Gauteng, South Africa, is often affected by underground water pollution (acid mine water) and industrial effluents. The ecological significance and detrimental effects necessitate investigations into treating the water prior to discharge into public streams. Although several acid mine water treatment techniques and methods exist, they all have certain disadvantages. Lime treatment is the most common approach. In this investigation, limestone, dolomite and fly ash were selected as pre-treatment agents based on their low cost. Simulated acid mine water containing these agents was tested using a Jar Test apparatus. Samples were analyzed before and after treatment for pH, ferrous, ferric, calcium, magnesium and sulphate ions. The study demonstrated that the quality of the water improved with an increase in the amount and surface area of the raw material dosed and an increase in contact time. It was also influenced by the chemical composition of the acid mine water and aeration. Chemical cost savings of 38% are achieved when lime is replaced with limestone, and cost savings of 23% and 48% can be accomplished when limestone is substituted with dolomite and fly ash respectively. This could result in significant savings to the gold and coal mining industries, and could lead to a mutual benefit/gain between industrialists/polluters and the public. |
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0892-6875 |
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Apr.; Comparison of limestone, dolomite and fly ash as pre-treatment agents for acid mine drainage; Science Direct |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17461 |
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42 |
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Author |
Kuyucak, N. |
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Title |
Acid mine drainage prevention and control options |
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Journal Article |
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2002 |
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CIM Bull. |
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95 |
Issue |
1060 |
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96-102 |
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acid mine drainage prevention tailings environment waste sulphides Groundwater problems and environmental effects Pollution and waste management non radioactive Surface water quality Waste Management and Pollution Policy tailings sulfide mining industry waste management |
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Abstract |
Acid mine drainage (AMD) is one of the most significant environmental challenges facing the mining industry worldwide. It occurs as a result of natural oxidation of sulphide minerals contained in mining wastes at operating and closed/decommissioned mine sites. AMD may adversely impact the surface water and groundwater quality and land use due to its typical low pH, high acidity and elevated concentrations of metals and sulphate content. Once it develops at a mine, its control can be difficult and expensive. If generation of AMD cannot be prevented, it must be collected and treated. Treatment of AMD usually costs more than control of AMD and may be required for many years after mining activities have ceased. Therefore, application of appropriate control methods to the site at the early stage of the mining would be beneficial. Although prevention of AMD is the most desirable option, a cost-effective prevention method is not yet available. The most effective method of control is to minimize penetration of air and water through the waste pile using a cover, either wet (water) or dry (soil), which is placed over the waste pile. Despite their high cost, these covers cannot always completely stop the oxidation process and generation of AMD. Application of more than one option might be required. Early diagnosis of the problem, identification of appropriate prevention/control measures and implementation of these methods to the site would reduce the potential risk of AMD generation. AMD prevention/control measures broadly include use of covers, control of the source, migration of AMD, and treatment. This paper provides an overview of AMD prevention and control options applicable for developing, operating and decommissioned mines. |
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Dr. N. Kuyucak, Golder Associates Ltd., Ottawa, Ont., Canada |
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0317-0926 |
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Acid mine drainage prevention and control options; 2419232; Canada 38; Geobase |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17532 |
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64 |
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Smyth, D.; Blowes, D.; Ptacek, C.; Bain, J. |
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Application of permeable reactive barriers for treating mine drainage and dissolved metals in groundwater |
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Journal Article |
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2004 |
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Geotechnical News |
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22 |
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1 |
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39-44 |
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acid mine drainage; acid rock drainage; aquifers; Canada; Cochrane District Ontario; concentration; disposal barriers; Eastern Canada; ground water; Kidd Creek; mine drainage; mines; Ontario; oxidation; permeability; permeable reactive barrier; pollutants; pollution; remediation; sulfates; sulfides; tailings; testing; Timmins Ontario; waste disposal; waste management; waste rock; waste water; water treatment 22, Environmental geology |
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0823-650x |
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Application of permeable reactive barriers for treating mine drainage and dissolved metals in groundwater; 2006-058196; References: 20; sects. Canada (CAN); GeoRef; English |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 5457 |
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66 |
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Author |
Yernberg, W.R. |
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Title |
Improvements seen in acid-mine-drainage technology |
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Journal Article |
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2000 |
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Min. Eng. |
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52 |
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9 |
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67-70 |
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acid mine drainage; bacteria; chemical weathering; coal mines; Colorado; copper ores; effects; geochemistry; hydrogen; inorganic acids; international cooperation; ions; lead ores; medical geology; metal ores; mines; molybdenum ores; oxidation; pH; pollution; prediction; pyrite; reclamation; remediation; research; risk assessment; silicates; soil treatment; solid waste; sulfides; sulfuric acid; Summitville Mine; tailings; tailings ponds; technology; United States; waste disposal; weathering; zinc ores 22, Environmental geology |
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0026-5187 |
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Improvements seen in acid-mine-drainage technology; 2000-069686; illus. incl. sect., sketch map United States (USA); GeoRef; English |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 5808 |
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73 |
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Stewart, D.; Norman, T.; Cordery-Cotter, S.; Kleiner, R.; Sweeney, E.; Nelson, J.D. |
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Title |
Utilization of a ceramic membrane for acid mine drainage treatment |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Tailings and Mine Waste '97 |
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453-460 |
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acid mine drainage; Black Hawk Colorado; Central City Colorado; ceramic materials; Colorado; cost; disposal barriers; geochemistry; Gilpin County Colorado; heavy metals; mines; organic compounds; pollution; remediation; surface water; tailings; United States; utilization; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; waste disposal mine water treatment |
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BASX Systems LLC has developed a treatment system based on ceramic membranes for the removal of heavy metals from an acid mine drainage stream. This stream also contained volatile organic compounds that were required to be removed prior to discharge to a Colorado mountain stream. The removal of heavy metals was greater than 99% in most cases. A decrease of 30% in chemicals required for treatment and a reduction by more than 75% in labor over a competing technology were achieved. These decreases were obtained for operating temperatures of less than 5 degrees C. This system of ceramic microfiltration is capable of treating many different types of acid mine waste streams for heavy metals removal. |
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90-5410-857-6 |
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Jan 13-17; Utilization of a ceramic membrane for acid mine drainage treatment; Isip:A1997bg96u00050; Times Cited: 0; ISI Web of Science |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 8744 |
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135 |
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