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Al-Abed, S.; Allen, D.; Bates, E.; Reisman, D. |
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Title |
Lime treatment lagoons technology for treating acid mine drainage from two mining sites |
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Journal Article |
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2002 |
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acid mine drainage; case studies; Copper Mine; drainage; geochemistry; heavy metals; hydrochemistry; Leviathan Mine; mining; Nevada; pH; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; remediation; runoff; surface water; Tennessee; United States; waste lagoons; water treatment 22 Environmental geology; 02B Hydrochemistry |
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Hardrock mining 2002; issues shaping the industry |
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2007-046170; Hardrock mining 2002; issues shaping the industry, Westminster, CO, United States, May 7-9, 2002 U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Washington, DC, United States; GeoRef; English |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 5621 |
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487 |
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Davies, G.J.; Holmes, M.; Wireman, M.; King, K.; Gertson, J.N.; Stefanic, J.M. |
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Title |
Water tracing at scales of hours to decades as an aid to estimating hydraulic characteristics of the Leadville Mine drainage tunnel |
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Journal Article |
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2001 |
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acid mine drainage Arkansas River Colorado drainage dye tracers field studies fluorescence ground water Lake County Colorado Leadville Mine Leadville mining district pH quantitative analysis recharge surveys tunnels United States water treatment 30 Engineering geology 21 Hydrogeology |
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Abstract |
The Leadville Mine Drainage Tunnel (LMDT) is a 3.3 kilometer structure that was constructed in the complicated geology of the Leadville mine district in the 1940's. Discharge from the LMDT is impacted by heavy metals and is treated at a plant built in 1992 operated by the United States Bureau of Reclamation. On the surface waste rock and other remnants of the mining operations litter the landscape and this material is exposed to precipitation. As a result of contact with this material, surface water often has pH of less than 3 and its containment and disposal is necessary before it impacts surface drainage and the nearby Arkansas River. Using a borehole drilled into the mine workings the U.S. EPA has devised a plan in which the impacted water is contained on the surface which then can be discharged into the mine workings to discharge from the LMDT and be treated. The percentage of water discharging from the mining district along the drainage tunnel is unknown, and since there is no access, information about the condition of the tunnel with regards to blockages is also relatively obscure. Application of quantitative water tracing using fluorescent dyes was used to model the flow parameters at the scale of hours in the tunnel and evaluate the likelihood of blockages. Because the tunnel has intersected several lithologies and faults, other locations such as discharging shafts, adits and surface streams that could be hydraulically connected to the LMDT were also monitored. An initial tracer experiment was done using an instantaneous injection, which was followed by additional injections of water. Another tracer injection was done when there was a continuous flow of impacted water into the workings. Analysis of the tracer concentration responses at water-filled shafts and at the portal were used to model the flow along the tunnel and estimate several hydraulic parameters. Waters in these settings are mixtures of components with different residence times, so, qualitative tritium data were used to evaluate residence times of decades. The combined injected tracer and tritium data as well as other geochemical data were used to infer the nature of flow and recharge into the tunnel. |
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Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America |
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Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting |
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2004-013418; Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting, Boston, MA, United States, Nov. 1-10, 2001; GeoRef; English |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16511 |
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408 |
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Becker, G.; Wade, S.; Riggins, J.D.; Cullen, T.B.; Venn, C.; Hallen, C.P. |
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Title |
Effect of Bast Mine treatment discharge on Big Mine Run AMD and Mahanoy Creek in the Western Middle Anthracite Field of Pennsylvania |
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Journal Article |
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2005 |
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abandoned mines acid mine drainage anthracite Ashland Pennsylvania Bast Mine Big Mine Run coal coal fields coal mines Columbia County Pennsylvania discharge geochemistry hydrochemistry hydrology Mahanoy Creek mines Northumberland County Pennsylvania Pennsylvania pollution rivers and streams Schuylkill County Pennsylvania sedimentary rocks surface water United States water quality water treatment Western Middle Anthracite Field 22 Environmental geology 02A General geochemistry |
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The Bast Mine (reopened in 2001) and Big Mine are two anthracite coal mines near Ashland, PA, that were abandoned in the 1930's and that are now causing drastic and opposite effects on the water quality of the streams originating from them. To quantify these effects, multiple samples were taken at 5 different sites: 3 along Big Mine Run and 2 from Mahanoy Creek (1 upstream and 1 downstream of the confluence with Big Mine Run). At each site, one set of the samples was treated with nitric acid for metals survey, one set was acidified with sulfuric acid for nitrate preservation, one set was filtered for sulfate and phosphate tests, and one set was unaltered. Measurements of pH, TDS, dissolved oxygen, and temperature were made in the field. Alkalinity, acidity, hardness, nitrates, orthophosphates and sulfates were analyzed using Hach procedures. Selected metals (Fe, Ni, Mg, Ca, Cu, Zn, Hg, Pb) were analyzed utilizing flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. Drainage from the Bast Mine is actively treated with hydrated lime before the water is piped down to Big Mine Run. pH and alkalinity values were much higher at the outflow compared to those in the water with which it merged. The two waters could be visibly distinguished some distance downstream. pH values decreased, sulfate and dissolved iron increased and alkalinity was reduced to zero until the confluence with Mahanoy Creek. The high alkalinity, turbidity, TDS and calcium values in Mahanoy Creek were somewhat reduced downstream of the confluence with the much lower discharge Big Mine Run. |
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Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America |
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Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 40th annual meeting |
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2006-042616; Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 40th annual meeting, Saratoga Springs, NY, United States, March 14-16, 2005; GeoRef; English |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 16455 |
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459 |
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Author |
Arango, I. |
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Title |
Evaluation of the beneficial effects of the acidophilic alga Euglena mutabilis on acid mine drainage systems |
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Book Whole |
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Year |
2002 |
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acid mine drainage atmospheric precipitation benthic taxa bioremediation dissolved materials dissolved oxygen electron microscopy data Euglena mutabilis Green Valley Mine ICP mass spectra Indiana iron mass spectra metals microorganisms mines oxygen pH photochemistry photosynthesis pollution rain remediation sediments soils spectra temperature United States Vigo County Indiana water 22, Environmental geology |
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Euglena mutabilis is an acidophilic, photosynthetic protozoan that forms benthic mats in acid mine drainage (AMD) channels. At the Green Valley mine, western Indiana, E. mutabilis resides in AMD measuring <4.2 pH, with high concentrations of dissolved constituents (up to 22.67 g/l). One of the main factors influencing E. mutabilis distribution is water temperature. The microbe forms thick (>1 mm), extensive mats during spring and fall, when water temperature is between 13 and 28 degrees C. During winter and summer, when temperatures are outside this range, benthic communities have a very patchy distribution and are restricted to areas protected from extreme temperature changes. E. mutabilis also responds to rapid increases in pH, which are associated with rainfall events. During these events pH can increase above 4.0, causing precipitation of Fe and Al oxy-hydroxides that cover the mats. The microbe responds by moving through the precipitates, due to phototaxis, and reestablishing the community at the sediment-water interface within 12 hours. The biological activities of E. mutabilis may have a beneficial effect on AMD systems by removing iron from effluent via oxygenic photosynthesis, and/or by internal sequestration. Photosynthesis by E. mutabilis contributes elevated concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO), up to 17.25 mg/l in the field and up to 11.83 mg/l in the laboratory, driving oxidation and precipitation of reduced metal species, especially Fe (II), which are dissolved in the effluent. In addition, preliminary electro-microscopic and staining analyses of the reddish intracellular granules in E. mutabilis indicate that the granules contain iron, suggesting that E. mutabilis sequesters iron from AMD. Inductive coupled plasma analysis of iron concentration in AMD with and without E. mutabilis also shows that E. mutabilis accelerates the rate of Fe removal from the media. Whether iron removal is accelerated by internal sequestration of iron and/or by precipitation via oxygenic photosynthesis has yet to be determined. These biological activities may play an important role in the natural remediation of AMD systems. |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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Indiana State University, |
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Terre Haute |
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Evaluation of the beneficial effects of the acidophilic alga Euglena mutabilis on acid mine drainage systems; GeoRef; English; References: 39; illus. incl. 3 tables |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 16491 |
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476 |
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Author |
Karathanasis, A.D.; Barton, C.D. |
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The revival of a failed constructed wetland treating a high Fe load AMD |
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Book Chapter |
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1999 |
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Proceedings; biogeochemistry of trace elements in coal and coal combustion byproducts |
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abandoned mines acid mine drainage anaerobic environment carbonate rocks characterization composting constructed wetlands design environmental analysis ferrihydrite geologic hazards hydrology hydroxides iron iron hydroxides Kentucky limestone metals minerals mines organic compounds oxides pollution remediation runoff sedimentary rocks sediments solubility sulfate ion United States water quality water treatment wetlands 22, Environmental geology |
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Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers |
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New York |
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Sajwan, K.S.; Alva, A.K.; Keefer, R.F. |
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0306462885 |
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The revival of a failed constructed wetland treating a high Fe load AMD; GeoRef; English; 2002-039561; Fourth international conference on the Biogeochemistry of trace elements, Berkeley, CA, United States, June 23, 1997 References: 45; illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16571 |
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82 |
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