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Banks, S.B.; Banks, D. |
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Abandoned mines drainage; impact assessment and mitigation of discharges from coal mines in the UK |
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2001 |
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Geoenvironmental engineering Engineering Geology |
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31-37 |
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abandoned mines coal mines cost discharge drainage England environmental effects Europe feasibility studies Great Britain mine drainage mines mitigation pollution remediation Scotland United Kingdom Western Europe 22, Environmental geology |
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The UK has a legacy of pollution caused by discharges from abandoned coal mines, with the potential for further pollution by new discharges as groundwaters continue to rebound to their natural levels. In 1995, the Coal Authority initiated a scoping study of 30 gravity discharges from abandoned coal mines in England and Scotland. Mining information, geological information and water quality data were collated and interpreted in order to allow a preliminary assessment of the source and nature of each of the discharges. An assessment of the potential for remediation was made on the basis of the feasibility and relative costs of alternative remediation measures. Environmental impacts of the discharges and of the proposed remediation schemes were also assessed. The results, together with previous Coal Authority studies of discharges in Wales, were used by the Coal Authority, in collaboration with the former National Rivers Authority and the former Forth and Clyde River Purification Boards, to rank discharge sites in order of priority for remediation. |
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60 |
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Yong, R.N.; Thomas, H.R. |
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Abandoned mines drainage; impact assessment and mitigation of discharges from coal mines in the UK; GeoRef; English; 2001-052748; British Geotechnical Society, second conference on Geoenvironmental engineering, London, United Kingdom, Sept. 1999 References: 12; illus. incl. 2 tables |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16515 |
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31 |
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Younger, P.L. |
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Title |
Holistic remedial strategies for short- and long-term water pollution from abandoned mines |
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Journal Article |
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2000 |
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Transactions of the Institution of Mining and Metallurgy Section a-Mining Technology |
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109 |
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A210-A218 |
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abandoned mines acid mine drainage Europe mines mining planning pollution remediation United Kingdom water pollution Western Europe |
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Where mining proceeds below the water-table-as it has extensively in Britain and elsewhere-water ingress is not only a hindrance during mineral extraction but also a potential liability after abandonment. This is because the cessation of dewatering that commonly follows mine closure leads to a rise in the water-table and associated, often rapid, changes in the chemical regime of the subsurface. Studies over the past two decades have provided insights into the nature and time-scales of these changes and provide a basis for rational planning of mine-water management during and after mine abandonment. The same insights into mine-water chemistry provide hints for the efficient remediation of pollution (typically due to Fe, Mn and Al and, in some cases, Zn, Cd, Pb and other metals). Intensive treatment (by chemical dosing with enhanced sedimentation or alternative processes, such as sulphidization or reverse osmosis) is often necessary only during the first few years following complete flooding of mine voids. Passive treatment (by the use of gravity-flow geochemical reactors and wetlands) may be both more cost-effective and ecologically more responsible in the long term. By the end of 1999 a total of 28 passive systems had been installed at United Kingdom mine sites, including examples of system types currently unique to the United Kingdom. Early performance data for all the systems are summarized and shown to demonstrate the efficacy of passive treatment when appropriately applied. |
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0371-7844 |
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Holistic remedial strategies for short- and long-term water pollution from abandoned mines; Wos:000167240600013; Times Cited: 2; ISI Web of Science |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17458 |
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126 |
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Zamzow, M.J.; Schultze, L.E. |
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Treatment of acid mine drainage using natural zeolites |
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1993 |
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International Conference on the Occurrence, Properties, and Utilization of Natural Zeolites |
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1993 |
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220-221 |
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abandoned mines; acid mine drainage; clinoptilolite; experimental studies; feasibility studies; framework silicates; hydrochemistry; mines; Nevada; northeastern Nevada; phillipsite; remediation; Rio Tinto Deposit; silicates; surface water; United States; zeolite group abandoned mines acid mine drainage clinoptilolite experimental studies feasibility studies framework silicates hydrochemistry mines Nevada northeastern Nevada phillipsite remediation Rio Tinto Deposit silicates surface water United States zeolite group |
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Treatment of acid mine drainage using natural zeolites; GeoRef: 95-04036 1 table; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 9998 |
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192 |
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Niyogi, D.K.; McKnight, D.M.; Lewis, W.M., Jr.; Kimball, B.A. |
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Experimental diversion of acid mine drainage and the effects on a headwater stream |
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1999 |
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Water-Resources Investigations Report |
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Wri 99-4018-A |
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123-130 |
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abandoned mines acid mine drainage algae benthonic taxa biomass biota Colorado experimental studies heavy metals Lake County Colorado Leadville Colorado metals mines pH Plantae pollution remediation Saint Kevin Gulch Colorado tracers United States USGS water zinc |
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An experimental diversion of acid mine drainage was set up near an abandoned mine in Saint Kevin Gulch, Colorado. A mass-balance approach using natural tracers was used to estimate flows into Saint Kevin Gulch. The diversion system collected about 85 percent of the mine water during its first year of operation (1994). In the first 2 months after the diversion, benthic algae in an experimental reach (stream reach around which mine drainage was diverted) became more abundant as water quality improved (increase in pH, decrease in zinc concentrations) and substrate quality changed (decrease in rate of metal hydroxide deposition). Further increases in pH to levels above 4.6, however, led to lower algal biomass in subsequent years (1995-97). An increase in deposition of aluminum precipitates at pH greater than 4.6 may account for the suppression of algal biomass. The pH in the experimental reach was lower in 1998 and algal biomass increased. Mine drainage presents a complex, interactive set of stresses on stream ecosystems. These interactions need to be considered in remediation goals and plans. |
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0092-332x |
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Experimental diversion of acid mine drainage and the effects on a headwater stream; 2; GeoRef: 2001-017199 als Datei vorhanden 4 Abb.; VORHANDEN | AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17398 |
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286 |
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Nairn, R.W.; Griffin, B.C.; Strong, J.D.; Hatley, E.L. |
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Title |
Remediation challenges and opportunities at the Tar Creek Superfund Site, Oklahoma |
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2001 |
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Proceedings of the Annual National Meeting – American Society for Surface Mining and Reclamation, vol.18 |
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579-584 |
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abandoned mines acid mine drainage collapse structures constructed wetlands environmental analysis geologic hazards ground water human ecology Kansas land subsidence lead metals mines Missouri Oklahoma pollution reclamation remediation springs Superfund sites surface water Tar Creek Superfund Site United States water resources wetlands zinc 22, Environmental geology |
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The Tar Creek Superfund Site is a portion of the abandoned lead and zinc mining area known as the Tri-State Mining District (OK, KS and MO) and includes over 100 square kilometers of disturbed land surface and contaminated water resources in extreme northeastern Oklahoma. Underground mining from the 1890s through the 1960s degraded over 1000 surface hectares, and left nearly 50 km of tunnels, 165 million tons of processed mine waste materials (chat), 300 hectares of tailings impoundments and over 2600 open shafts and boreholes. Approximately 94 million cubic meters of contaminated water currently exist in underground voids. In 1979, metal-rich waters began to discharge into surface waters from natural springs, bore holes and mine shafts. Six communities are located within the boundaries of the Superfund site. Approximately 70% of the site is Native American owned. Subsidence and surface collapse hazards are of significant concern. The Tar Creek site was listed on the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1983 and currently receives a Hazard Ranking System score of 58.15, making Tar Creek the nation's number one NPL site. A 1993 Indian Health Service study demonstrated that 35% of children had blood lead levels above thresholds dangerous to human health. Recent remediation efforts have focused on excavation and replacement of contaminated residential areas. In January 2000, Governor Frank Keating's Tar Creek Task Force was created to take a “vital leadership role in identifying solutions and resources available to address” the myriad environmental problems. The principle final recommendation was the creation of a massive wetland and wildlife refuge to ecologically address health, safety, environmental, and aesthetic concerns. Additional interim measures included continuing the Task Force and subcommittees; study of mine drainage discharge and chat quality; construction of pilot treatment wetlands; mine shaft plugging; investigations of bioaccumulation issues; establishment of an authority to market and export chat, a local steering committee, and a GIS committee; and development of effective federal, state, tribal, and local partnerships. |
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Vincent, R.; Burger, J.A.; Marino, G.G.; Olyphant, G.A.; Wessman, S.C.; Darmody, R.G.; Richmond, T.C.; Bengson, S.A.; Nawrot, J.R. |
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Remediation challenges and opportunities at the Tar Creek Superfund Site, Oklahoma; GeoRef; English; 2002-036287; 18th annual national meeting of the American Society for Surface Mining and Reclamation; Land reclamation, a different approach, Albuquerque, NM, United States, June 3-7, 2001 References: 20; illus. incl. 1 table |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16526 |
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290 |
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