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Author |
Kuyucak, N. |
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Title |
Acid mine drainage prevention and control options |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2002 |
Publication  |
CIM Bull. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
95 |
Issue |
1060 |
Pages |
96-102 |
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Keywords |
acid mine drainage prevention tailings environment waste sulphides Groundwater problems and environmental effects Pollution and waste management non radioactive Surface water quality Waste Management and Pollution Policy tailings sulfide mining industry waste management |
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Abstract |
Acid mine drainage (AMD) is one of the most significant environmental challenges facing the mining industry worldwide. It occurs as a result of natural oxidation of sulphide minerals contained in mining wastes at operating and closed/decommissioned mine sites. AMD may adversely impact the surface water and groundwater quality and land use due to its typical low pH, high acidity and elevated concentrations of metals and sulphate content. Once it develops at a mine, its control can be difficult and expensive. If generation of AMD cannot be prevented, it must be collected and treated. Treatment of AMD usually costs more than control of AMD and may be required for many years after mining activities have ceased. Therefore, application of appropriate control methods to the site at the early stage of the mining would be beneficial. Although prevention of AMD is the most desirable option, a cost-effective prevention method is not yet available. The most effective method of control is to minimize penetration of air and water through the waste pile using a cover, either wet (water) or dry (soil), which is placed over the waste pile. Despite their high cost, these covers cannot always completely stop the oxidation process and generation of AMD. Application of more than one option might be required. Early diagnosis of the problem, identification of appropriate prevention/control measures and implementation of these methods to the site would reduce the potential risk of AMD generation. AMD prevention/control measures broadly include use of covers, control of the source, migration of AMD, and treatment. This paper provides an overview of AMD prevention and control options applicable for developing, operating and decommissioned mines. |
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Dr. N. Kuyucak, Golder Associates Ltd., Ottawa, Ont., Canada |
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0317-0926 |
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Acid mine drainage prevention and control options; 2419232; Canada 38; Geobase |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17532 |
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64 |
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Author |
Zinck, J.M.; Aube, B.C. |
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Title |
Optimization of lime treatment processes |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2000 |
Publication |
CIM Bull. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
93 |
Issue |
1043 |
Pages |
98-105 |
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Keywords |
Pollution and waste management non radioactive Groundwater problems and environmental effects geological abstracts: environmental geology (72 14 2) geomechanics abstracts: excavations (77 10 10) acid mine drainage buffering lime Canada |
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Abstract |
Lime neutralization technology is widely used in Canada for the treatment of acid mine drainage and other acidic effluents. In many locations, improvements to the lime neutralization process are necessary to achieve a maximum level of sludge densification and stability. Conventional lime neutralization technology effectively removes dissolved metals to below regulated limits. However, the metal hydroxide and gypsum sludge generated is voluminous and often contains less than 5% solids. Despite recent improvements in the lime neutralization technology, each year, more than 6 700 000 m3 of sludge are generated by treatment facilities operated by the Canadian mining industry. Because lime neutralization is still seen as the best available approach for some sites, sludge production and stability are expected to remain as issues in the near future. Several treatment parameters significantly impact operating costs, effluent quality, sludge production and the geochemical stability of the sludge. Studies conducted both at CANMET and NTC have shown that through minor modifications to the treatment process, plant operators can experience a reduction in operating costs, volume of sludge generated, metal release to the environment and liability. This paper discusses how modifications in plant operation and design can reduce treatment costs and liability associated with lime treatment. |
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J.M. Zinck, CANMET, Mining and Mineral Sciences Lab., Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, Ont., Canada |
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0317-0926 |
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Optimization of lime treatment processes; 2291672; Canada 17; Geobase |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17537 |
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183 |
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Author |
Wolkersdorfer, C. |
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Title |
Mine water tracer tests as a basis for remediation strategies |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Chemie der Erde |
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65 |
Issue |
Suppl. 1 |
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65-74 |
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Mine water treatment Stratification Convection First flush Tracer tests Microspheres Reactive transport Groundwater problems and environmental effects Pollution and waste management non radioactive acid mine drainage remediation |
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Abstract |
Mining usually causes severe anthropogenic changes by which the ground- or surface water might be significantly polluted. One of the main problems in the mining industry are acid mine drainage, the drainage of heavy metals, and the prediction of mine water rebound after mine closure. Therefore, the knowledge about the hydraulic behaviour of the mine water within the flooded mine might significantly reduce the costs of mine closure and remediation. In the literature, the difficulties in evaluating the hydrodynamics of flooded mines are well described, but only few tracer tests in flooded mines have been published so far. Most tracer tests linked to mine water problems were related to either pollution of the aquifer or radioactive waste disposal and not the mine water itself. Applying the results of the test provides possibilities f or optimizing the outcome of the source-path-target methodology and therefore diminishes the costs of remediation strategies. Consequently, prior to planning of remediation strategies or numerical simulations, relatively cheap and reliable results for decision making can be obtained via a well conducted tracer test. < copyright > 2005 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. |
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C. Wolkersdorfer, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Lehrstuhl fur Hydrogeologie, 09596 Freiberg, Sachsen, Germany c.wolke@tu-freiberg.de |
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0009-2819 |
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Sep 19; Mine water tracer tests as a basis for remediation strategies; 2767887; Germany 34; Geobase |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17499 |
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34 |
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Author |
Miller, S.D. |
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Title |
Overview of acid mine drainage issues and control strategies Remediation and management of degraded lands |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1999 |
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acid mine drainage; controls; decontamination; environmental analysis; environmental effects; geochemistry; ground water; land management; lime; oxidation; pH; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; risk assessment; soils; sulfides; surface water; waste disposal; waste management 22, Environmental geology |
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Lewis Publishers |
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Boca Raton |
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Wong, M.H.; Wong, J.W.C.; Baker, A.J.M. |
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157504109x |
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Overview of acid mine drainage issues and control strategies Remediation and management of degraded lands; GeoRef; English; 2000-057936 |
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no |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 5951 |
Serial |
298 |
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Author |
Kleinmann, R.; Majumdar, S.K.; Miller, E.W.; Brenner, F.J. |
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Book Whole |
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1998 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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497-509 |
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abandoned mines; acid mine drainage; coal mines; constructed wetlands; drainage; environmental effects; mines; mitigation; pollutants; pollution; remediation; surface water; toxic materials; water quality; water treatment; wetlands 22, Environmental geology |
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The Pennsylvania Academy of Science Book Publications |
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25 |
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Ecology of wetlands and associated systems |
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Constructing wetlands for passive treatment of coal mine drainage; 2002-024212; GeoRef; English; References: 27; illus. incl. 2 tables United States (USA) |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 6210 |
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330 |
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