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Author |
Younger, P.L. |
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Title |
Holistic remedial strategies for short- and long-term water pollution from abandoned mines |
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Journal Article |
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2000 |
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Transactions of the Institution of Mining and Metallurgy Section a-Mining Technology |
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109 |
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A210-A218 |
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abandoned mines acid mine drainage Europe mines mining planning pollution remediation United Kingdom water pollution Western Europe |
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Abstract |
Where mining proceeds below the water-table-as it has extensively in Britain and elsewhere-water ingress is not only a hindrance during mineral extraction but also a potential liability after abandonment. This is because the cessation of dewatering that commonly follows mine closure leads to a rise in the water-table and associated, often rapid, changes in the chemical regime of the subsurface. Studies over the past two decades have provided insights into the nature and time-scales of these changes and provide a basis for rational planning of mine-water management during and after mine abandonment. The same insights into mine-water chemistry provide hints for the efficient remediation of pollution (typically due to Fe, Mn and Al and, in some cases, Zn, Cd, Pb and other metals). Intensive treatment (by chemical dosing with enhanced sedimentation or alternative processes, such as sulphidization or reverse osmosis) is often necessary only during the first few years following complete flooding of mine voids. Passive treatment (by the use of gravity-flow geochemical reactors and wetlands) may be both more cost-effective and ecologically more responsible in the long term. By the end of 1999 a total of 28 passive systems had been installed at United Kingdom mine sites, including examples of system types currently unique to the United Kingdom. Early performance data for all the systems are summarized and shown to demonstrate the efficacy of passive treatment when appropriately applied. |
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0371-7844 |
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Holistic remedial strategies for short- and long-term water pollution from abandoned mines; Wos:000167240600013; Times Cited: 2; ISI Web of Science |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17458 |
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126 |
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Author |
Zou, L.H. |
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Title |
Sulfide precipitation flotation for treatment of acidic mine waste water |
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Journal Article |
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2000 |
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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China |
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10 |
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106-109 |
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mine water treatment |
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Sulfide precipitation flotation of copper-iron-bearing acidic waste water from a large copper mine and the stimulated waste water were studied. The pH of the waste water was 2.2, with 130 mg/L Cu2+ and 500 mg/L Fe3+ (Fe2+). Results show that, when Na2S was added as precipitating agent, sodium butylxanthate as collector and at pH 2.0, the removal of copper could be as high as 99.7 % and the residual copper decreased to 0.2 mg/L, however, almost no iron was removed. When the floated solution was neutralized to pH = 8.0, more than 98 % iron was precipitated and the residual iron was less than 10 mg/L. In experiment on actual mine effluents, after the use of precipitate flotation technology to recover copper and pH neutralization to precipitate iron, the treated waste water does meet the emission standards for sewage and valuable floating copper graded 37.12%. The chemical calculation and mechanism of solution were also presented. |
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Sulfide precipitation flotation for treatment of acidic mine waste water; Wos:000088249500025; Times Cited: 0; ISI Web of Science |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17086 |
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128 |
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Author |
Swayze, G.A. |
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Imaging spectroscopy: A new screening tool for mapping acidic mine waste |
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Journal Article |
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2000 |
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ICARD 2000, Vols I and II, Proceedings |
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1531-+ |
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mine water treatment |
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Imaging spectroscopy is a relatively new remote sensing tool that provides a rapid method to screen entire mining districts for potential sources of surface acid drainage. An imaging spectrometer known as the Airborne Visible/InfraRed Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) measures light reflected from the surface in 224 spectral channels from 0.4 – 2.5 mum. Spectral data from this instrument were used to evaluate mine waste at the California Gulch Superfund Site near Leadville, Colorado. Here, the process of pyrite oxidation at the surface produces acidic water that is gradually neutralized as it drains away from mine waste, depositing a central jarosite zone surrounded by a jarosite + goethite zone, in turn surrounded by a goethite zone with a discontinuous hematite rim zone. Leaching tests show that pH is most acidic in the jarosite and jarosite+goethite zones and is near-neutral in the goethite zone. Measurements indicate that metals leach from minerals and amorphous materials in the jarosite + goethite and jarosite zones at concentrations 10 – 50 times higher than from goethite zone minerals. Goethite zones that fully encircle mine waste may indicate some attenuation of leachate metals and thus reduced metal loading to streams. The potential for impact by acidic drainage is highest where streams intersect the jarosite and jarosite + goethite zones. In these areas, metal-rich acidic surface runoff may flow directly into streams. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency estimates (U.S. EPA, 1998) that mineral maps made from AVIRIS data at Leadville have accelerated remediation efforts by two years and saved over $2 million in cleanup costs. |
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Imaging spectroscopy: A new screening tool for mapping acidic mine waste; Isip:000169875500152; Times Cited: 0; ISI Web of Science |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17111 |
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164 |
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Author |
Campbell, A. |
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Mitigation of acid rock drainage at the Summitville Mine Superfund Site, Colorado, USA |
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Journal Article |
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2000 |
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ICARD 2000, Vols I and II, Proceedings |
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1243-1250 |
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mine water treatment |
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Numerous techniques for treating, controlling, and preventing acid rock drainage have been applied at the Summitville Mine Superfund Site. Challenging aspects of the remote mine site include the wide-spread occurrence of acid-generating soils and rocks, extensive surface and underground mine workings, and a cold and wet climate. Water treatment was an immediate necessity when the Government took control of the abandoned site in December of 1992. Subsequent reclamation activities have emphasized prevention and control of ARD to minimize future water treatment requirements. A combination of conventional, innovative, and experimental methods are being applied to successfully mitigate ARD at Summitville. |
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Mitigation of acid rock drainage at the Summitville Mine Superfund Site, Colorado, USA; Isip:000169875500124; Times Cited: 0; ISI Web of Science |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17110 |
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165 |
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Author |
McGregor, R. |
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Title |
The use of an in-situ porous reactive wall to remediate a heavy metal plume |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2000 |
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ICARD 2000, Vols I and II, Proceedings |
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1227-1232 |
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mine water treatment |
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The oxidation of sulfide minerals at an ore transfer location in Western Canada has resulted in widespread contamination of underlying soil and groundwater. The oxidation of sulfide minerals has released sulfate [SO4] and heavy metals including cadmium [Cd], copper [Cu], nickel [Ni], lead [Pb], and zinc [Zn] into the groundwater. A compost-based sulfate-reducing reactive wall was installed in the path of the plume in an attempt to reduce the potential impact of the heavy metals on a down-gradient marine inlet. Monitoring of the reactive wall over a 21-month period has shown that Cu concentrations decrease from over 4000 mug/L to less than 5 mug/L. Cadmium, Ni, Pb, and Zn concentrations also show similar decreases with treated concentrations generally being observed near or below detection limits. |
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The use of an in-situ porous reactive wall to remediate a heavy metal plume; Isip:000169875500122; Times Cited: 0; ISI Web of Science |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17109 |
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166 |
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