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Pettit, C.M.; Scharer, J.M.; Chambers, D.B.; Halbert, B.E.; Kirkaldy, J.L.; Bolduc, L. |
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Title |
Neutral mine drainage |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Sudbury '99; mining and the environment II; Conference proceedings |
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acid mine drainage drainage geochemistry mining mining geology models neutral mine drainage pH pollution remediation technology water management water quality water resources 22, Environmental geology |
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Abstract |
Acid mine drainage is recognized as a serious environmental issue at mine sites world wide. While sulphate and metal concentrations in acidic drainage can reach exceptionally high levels, these can also be elevated and of concern in neutral drainage from waste rock and tailings. “Neutral mine drainage” (NMD) has not yet received as widespread attention as acid mine drainage (AMD). The oxidation of sulphide minerals and the production of either acidic or neutral contaminated drainage is affected by many factors. This paper examines the specific factors that result in the production of “neutral mine drainage” from mine wastes. Several case studies are presented which involve predictive geochemical modelling to illustrate the possible time frame and magnitude of contaminated neutral drainage. |
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Sudbury Environmental |
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Sudbury |
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Goldsack, D.; Belzile, N.; Yearwood, P.; Hall, G.J. |
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0886670470 |
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Neutral mine drainage; GeoRef; English; 2000-043769; Sudbury '99; Mining and the environment II--Sudbury '99; L'exploitation miniere et l'environnement II, Sudbury, ON, Canada, Sept. 13-17, 1999 References: 12; illus. incl. 3 tables |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16589 |
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270 |
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Author |
Earley, D., III; Schmidt, R.D.; Kim, K. |
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Title |
Is sustainable mining an oxymoron? |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1997 |
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acids data processing development ground water leaching mineral resources mining mining geology models monitoring pollution production solutions 26A Economic geology, general, deposits 22 Environmental geology |
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Abstract |
Sustainable mining is generally considered to be an oxymoron because mineral deposits are viewed as nonrenewable resources that are fixed in the crust. However, minerals are conserved and recycled by plate tectonics which continually creates and destroys ore deposits. Though it is true that rock cycles have much longer periods than biomass cycles, the crust is essentially an infinite reservoir so long as we continue to invest in mineral exploration and processing technology. Implicit in the definition of sustainable development is the recognition that human development of resources in one reservoir may subsequently degrade resources supplied by another. The depreciation of overlapping and adjacent resources is often externalized in the cost to benefit accounting and cannot be sustained if the integrated cost/benefit ratio is greater than 1. The greatest obstacle to sustainability in mining is the expanding scale of excavation required to develop leaner ores because this activity degrades connected resources. In the case of open pit, sulfide ore mining the disturbed land may produce acid rock drainage (ARD). Because ARD will self-generate over the course of tens to hundreds of years the cost of controlling this pollution and rehabilitating mined lands is large and often spread over many generations. Secondary production of minerals from partially excavated deposits where there are preexisting environmental impacts and mine infrastructure help to reduce the risk of depreciating pristine resources, provided that new mining operations “do no (additional) harm” (Margoles, 1996). In turn, a percentage of the profits derived from secondary mineral production can be used for rehabilitation of the previously mined lands. These lands contain significant, albeit low grade, metal concentrations. These concepts are being developed and tested at the Mineral Park Sustainable Mining Research Facility where an in situ copper sulfide mining field experiment was conducted. Monitoring data and computer modeling indicate that ARD is not generated after closure. This is because the ore is not disturbed and is left saturated, whereas unsaturated conditions generate acidic drainage. The short term risk of groundwater contamination is mitigated by utilizing an exempt mine pit to capture any leach solutions that are not intercepted by the wellfield. Using green accounting techniques and transfer models it can be communicated that this mining scenario is an approach to sustainability. |
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Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America |
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Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting |
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1998-051450; Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, Oct. 20-23, 1997; GeoRef; English |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 16638 |
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396 |
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Author |
Ketellapper, V.L.; Williams, L.O.; Bell, R.S.; Cramer, M.H. |
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Title |
The control of acid mine drainage at the Summitville Mine Superfund Site |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1996 |
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Proceedings of the Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Environmental and Engineering Problems (SAGEEP), vol.1996 |
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303-311 |
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acid mine drainage Colorado Del Norte Colorado gold ores metal ores mines mining mining geology open-pit mining pollutants pollution remediation Rio Grande County Colorado Summitville Mine Superfund sites surface mining United States water quality 22, Environmental geology |
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Abstract |
The Summitville Mine Superfund Site is located about 25 miles south of Del Norte, Colorado, in Rio Grande County. Occurring at an average elevation of 11,500 feet in the San Juan Mountain Range, the mine site is located two miles east of the Continental Divide. Mining at Summitville has occurred since 1870. The mine was most recently operated by Summitville Consolidated Mining Company, Inc. (SCMCI) as an open pit gold mine with extraction by means of a cyanide leaching process. In December of 1992, SCMCI declared bankruptcy and vacated the mine site. At that time, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) took over operations of the water treatment facilities to prevent a catastrophic release of cyanide and metal-laden water from the mine site. Due to high operational costs of water treatment (approximately $50,000 per day), EPA established a goal to minimize active water treatment by reducing or eliminating acid mine drainage (AMD). All of the sources of AMD generation on the mine site were evaluated and prioritized. Of the twelve areas identified as sources of AMD, the Cropsy Waste Pile, the Summitville Dam Impoundment, the Beaver Mud Dump, the Reynolds and Chandler adits, and the Mine Pits were consider to be the most significant contributors to the generation of metal-laden acidic (low pH) water. A two part plan was developed to control AMD from the most significant sources. The first part was initiated immediately to control AMD being released from the Site. This part focused on improving the efficiency of the water treatment facilities and controlling the AMD discharges from the mine drainage adits. The discharges from the adits was accomplished by plugging the Reynolds and Chandler adits. The second part of the plan was aimed at reducing the AMD generated in groundwater and surface water runoff from the mine wastes. A lined and capped repository located in the mine pits for acid generating mining waste and water treatment plant sludge was found to be the most feasible alternative. Beginning in 1993, mining wastes which were the most significant sources of AMD were being excavated and placed in the Mine Pits. In November 1995, all of the waste from these sources had been excavated and placed in the the Mine Pits. This paper discusses EPA's overall approach to stabilize on-site sources sufficiently such that aquatic, agricultural, and drinking water uses in the Alamosa watershed are restored and/or maintained with minimal water treatment. |
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The control of acid mine drainage at the Summitville Mine Superfund Site; GeoRef; English; 2002-027195; Symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems, Keystone, CO, United States, April 28-May 2, 1996 References: 11; illus. incl. geol. sketch map |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 16654 |
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334 |
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Author |
Dempsey, B.A.; Jeon, B.-H. |
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Title |
Characteristics of sludge produced from passive treatment of mine drainage |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Geochem.-Explor. Environ. Anal. |
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1 |
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1 |
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89-94 |
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Keywords |
acid mine drainage; aerobic environment; anaerobic environment; Appalachian Plateau; Appalachians; carbonate rocks; coagulation; compressibility; decontamination; density; drainage; filtration; geochemistry; Howe Bridge; Jefferson County Pennsylvania; limestone; mining geology; North America; passive systems; Pennsylvania; pH; pollution; ponds; rates; reclamation; sedimentary rocks; settling; sludge; slurries; suspended materials; United States; viscosity; wet packing density; wetlands; zeta-potential 22, Environmental geology |
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In the 1994 paper by Brown, Skousen & Renton it was argued that settleability and wet-packing density were the most important physical characteristics of sludge from treatment of mine drainage. These characteristics plus zeta-potential, intrinsic viscosity, specific resistance to filtration, and coefficient of compressibility were determined for several sludge samples from passive treatment sites and for several sludge samples that were prepared in the laboratory. Sludge from passive systems had high packing density, low intrinsic viscosity, low specific resistance to filtration and low coefficient of compressibility compared to sludge that was produced after addition of NaOH. |
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1467-7873 |
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Feb.; Characteristics of sludge produced from passive treatment of mine drainage; 2002-008382; References: 29; illus. incl. 5 tables United Kingdom (GBR); GeoRef; English |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 5734 |
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57 |
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Author |
Fernandez Rubio, R. |
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Un recurso valioso las aguas de mina. A valuable resource, mine waters |
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Journal Article |
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2001 |
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Industria y Mineria |
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345 |
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14-22 |
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acid mine drainage; Africa; aquifers; case studies; East Africa; Europe; ground water; hydrogeochemical exploration; hydrogeological survey; Iberian Peninsula; injection; mining; mining geology; open-pit mining; pollution; Portugal; Southern Europe; surface mining; surface water; underground mining; water supply; water treatment; Zambia 21, Hydrogeology |
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1137-8042 |
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Un recurso valioso las aguas de mina. A valuable resource, mine waters; 374358-2; illus. Spain (ESP); GeoRef In Process; Spanish |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 5784 |
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381 |
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