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Jarvis, A.P. |
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Title |
Design, construction and performance of passive systems for the treatment of mine and spoil heap drainage |
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2000 |
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Sewage Geochemistry County Durham Compost wetland Reactor Water pollution & oil pollution |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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University of Newcastle upon Tyne, |
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Design, construction and performance of passive systems for the treatment of mine and spoil heap drainage; Opac |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 7115 |
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340 |
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Author |
Johnson, D.B.; Hallberg, K.B. |
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Title |
Acid mine drainage remediation options: a review |
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2005 |
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Science of the Total Environment |
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338 |
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1-2 |
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3-14 |
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Wetlands and estuaries Pollution and waste management non radioactive geographical abstracts: physical geography hydrology (71 6 8) geological abstracts: environmental geology (72 14 2) biological method pollutant removal water treatment wastewater bioremediation constructed wetland acid mine drainage Cornwall England England United Kingdom Western Europe Europe Eurasia Eastern Hemisphere World Acid mine drainage Bioreactors Bioremediation Sulfidogenesis Wetlands Wheal Jane |
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Acid mine drainage (AMD) causes environmental pollution that affects many countries having historic or current mining industries. Preventing the formation or the migration of AMD from its source is generally considered to be the preferable option, although this is not feasible in many locations, and in such cases, it is necessary to collect, treat, and discharge mine water. There are various options available for remediating AMD, which may be divided into those that use either chemical or biological mechanisms to neutralise AMD and remove metals from solution. Both abiotic and biological systems include those that are classed as “active” (i.e., require continuous inputs of resources to sustain the process) or “passive” (i.e., require relatively little resource input once in operation). This review describes the current abiotic and bioremediative strategies that are currently used to mitigate AMD and compares the strengths and weaknesses of each. New and emerging technologies are also described. In addition, the factors that currently influence the selection of a remediation system, and how these criteria may change in the future, are discussed. |
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0048-9697 |
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Feb. 01; Acid mine drainage remediation options: a review; file:///C:/Dokumente%20und%20Einstellungen/Stefan/Eigene%20Dateien/Artikel/10052.pdf; Science Direct |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17464 |
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47 |
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Author |
Karathanasis, A.D.; Barton, C.D. |
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Title |
The revival of a failed constructed wetland treating a high Fe load AMD |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1999 |
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Proceedings; biogeochemistry of trace elements in coal and coal combustion byproducts |
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abandoned mines acid mine drainage anaerobic environment carbonate rocks characterization composting constructed wetlands design environmental analysis ferrihydrite geologic hazards hydrology hydroxides iron iron hydroxides Kentucky limestone metals minerals mines organic compounds oxides pollution remediation runoff sedimentary rocks sediments solubility sulfate ion United States water quality water treatment wetlands 22, Environmental geology |
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Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers |
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New York |
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Sajwan, K.S.; Alva, A.K.; Keefer, R.F. |
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0306462885 |
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The revival of a failed constructed wetland treating a high Fe load AMD; GeoRef; English; 2002-039561; Fourth international conference on the Biogeochemistry of trace elements, Berkeley, CA, United States, June 23, 1997 References: 45; illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16571 |
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82 |
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Author |
Kepler, D.A.; Mc Cleary, E.C. |
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Title |
Successive Alkalinity-Producing Systems (SAPS) for the Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1994 |
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Proceedings, International Land Reclamation and Mine Drainage Conference |
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1 |
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195-204 |
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acid mine drainage; alkalinity; anaerobic environment; calcium carbonate; chemical reactions; experimental studies; pH; pollutants; pollution; remediation; water quality SAPS mine water RAPS |
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Constructed wetland treatment system effectiveness has been limited by the alkalinity-producing, or acidity-neutralizing, capabilities of systems. Anoxic limestone drains (ALD's) have allowed for the treatment of approximately 300 mg/L net acidic mine drainage, but current design guidance precludes using successive ALD's to generate alkalinity in excess of 300 mg/L because of concerns with dissolved oxygen. “Compost” wetlands designed to promote bacterially mediated sulfate reduction are suggested as a means of generating alkalinity required in excess of that produced by ALD's. Compost wetlands create two basic needs of sulfate reducing bacteria; anoxic conditions resulting from the inherent oxygen demand of the organic substrate, and quasi-circumneutral pH values resulting from the dissolution of the carbonate fraction of the compost. However, sulfate reduction treatment area needs are generally in excess of area availability and/or cost effectiveness. Second generation alkalinity-producing systems demonstrate that a combination of existing treatment mechanisms has the potential to overcome current design concerns and effectively treat acidic waters ad infinitum. Successive alkalinity-producing systems (SAPS) combine ALD technology with sulfate reduction mechanisms. SAPS promote vertical flow through rich organic wetland substrates into limestone beds beneath the organic compost, discharging the pore waters. SAPS allow for conservative wetland treatment sizing calculations to be made as a rate function based on pH and alkalinity values and associated contaminant loadings. SAPS potentially decrease treatment area requirements and have the further potential to generate alkalinity in excess of acidity regardless od acidity concentrations. |
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Successive Alkalinity-Producing Systems (SAPS) for the Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage; Cn, Kj, Aj; file:///C:/Dokumente%20und%20Einstellungen/Stefan/Eigene%20Dateien/Artikel/9722.pdf; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 9722 |
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55 |
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Author |
Ketellapper, V.L.; Williams, L.O.; Bell, R.S.; Cramer, M.H. |
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Title |
The control of acid mine drainage at the Summitville Mine Superfund Site |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1996 |
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Proceedings of the Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Environmental and Engineering Problems (SAGEEP), vol.1996 |
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303-311 |
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Keywords |
acid mine drainage Colorado Del Norte Colorado gold ores metal ores mines mining mining geology open-pit mining pollutants pollution remediation Rio Grande County Colorado Summitville Mine Superfund sites surface mining United States water quality 22, Environmental geology |
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Abstract |
The Summitville Mine Superfund Site is located about 25 miles south of Del Norte, Colorado, in Rio Grande County. Occurring at an average elevation of 11,500 feet in the San Juan Mountain Range, the mine site is located two miles east of the Continental Divide. Mining at Summitville has occurred since 1870. The mine was most recently operated by Summitville Consolidated Mining Company, Inc. (SCMCI) as an open pit gold mine with extraction by means of a cyanide leaching process. In December of 1992, SCMCI declared bankruptcy and vacated the mine site. At that time, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) took over operations of the water treatment facilities to prevent a catastrophic release of cyanide and metal-laden water from the mine site. Due to high operational costs of water treatment (approximately $50,000 per day), EPA established a goal to minimize active water treatment by reducing or eliminating acid mine drainage (AMD). All of the sources of AMD generation on the mine site were evaluated and prioritized. Of the twelve areas identified as sources of AMD, the Cropsy Waste Pile, the Summitville Dam Impoundment, the Beaver Mud Dump, the Reynolds and Chandler adits, and the Mine Pits were consider to be the most significant contributors to the generation of metal-laden acidic (low pH) water. A two part plan was developed to control AMD from the most significant sources. The first part was initiated immediately to control AMD being released from the Site. This part focused on improving the efficiency of the water treatment facilities and controlling the AMD discharges from the mine drainage adits. The discharges from the adits was accomplished by plugging the Reynolds and Chandler adits. The second part of the plan was aimed at reducing the AMD generated in groundwater and surface water runoff from the mine wastes. A lined and capped repository located in the mine pits for acid generating mining waste and water treatment plant sludge was found to be the most feasible alternative. Beginning in 1993, mining wastes which were the most significant sources of AMD were being excavated and placed in the Mine Pits. In November 1995, all of the waste from these sources had been excavated and placed in the the Mine Pits. This paper discusses EPA's overall approach to stabilize on-site sources sufficiently such that aquatic, agricultural, and drinking water uses in the Alamosa watershed are restored and/or maintained with minimal water treatment. |
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The control of acid mine drainage at the Summitville Mine Superfund Site; GeoRef; English; 2002-027195; Symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems, Keystone, CO, United States, April 28-May 2, 1996 References: 11; illus. incl. geol. sketch map |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16654 |
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334 |
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