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Author |
Tarutis Jr, W.J.; Stark, L.R.; Williams, F.M. |
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Title |
Sizing and performance estimation of coal mine drainage wetlands |
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Journal Article |
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Year  |
1999 |
Publication |
Ecological Engineering |
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Volume |
12 |
Issue |
3-4 |
Pages |
353-372 |
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Keywords |
mine water treatment coal mine drainage constructed wetlands efficiency first-order removal loading rate removal kinetics sizing zero-order removal constructed wetlands water-quality iron kinetics removal model phosphorus retention mechanism design Wetlands and estuaries geographical abstracts: physical geography hydrology (71 6 8) acid mine drainage effluent performance assessment remediation wetland management |
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Abstract |
The effectiveness of wetland treatment of acid mine drainage (AMD) was assessed using three measures of performance: treatment efficiency, area-adjusted removal, and first-order removal. Mathematical relationships between these measures were derived from simple kinetic equations. Area-adjusted removal is independent of pollutant concentration (zero-order reaction kinetics), while first-order removal is dependent on concentration. Treatment efficiency is linearly related to area-adjusted removal and exponentially related to first-order removal at constant hydraulic loading rates (flow/area). Examination of previously published data from 35 natural AMD wetlands revealed that statistically significant correlations exist between several of the performance measures for both iron and manganese removal, but these correlations are potentially spurious because these measures are derived from, and are mathematical rearrangements of, the same operating data. The use of treatment efficiency as a measure of performance between wetlands is not recommended because it is a relative measure that does not account for influent concentration differences. Area-adjusted removal accounts for mass loading effects, but it fails to separate the flow and concentration components, which is necessary if removal is first-order. Available empirical evidence suggests that AMD pollutant removal is better described by first-order kinetics. If removal is first-order, the use of area-adjusted rates for determining the wetland area required for treating relatively low pollutant concentrations will result in undersized wetlands. The effects of concentration and flow rate on wetland area predictions for constant influent loading rates also depend on the kinetics of pollutant removal. If removal is zero-order, the wetland area required to treat a discharge to meet some target effluent concentration is a decreasing linear function of influent concentration (and an inverse function of flow rate). However, if removal is first-order, the required wetland area is a non-linear function of the relative influent concentration. Further research is needed for developing accurate first-order rate constants as a function of influent water chemistry and ecosystem characteristics in order to successfully apply the first-order removal model to the design of more effective AMD wetland treatment systems. |
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W.J. Tarutis Jr., Department of Natural Science, Lackawanna Junior College, 501 Vine Street, Scranton, PA 18509, United States |
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0925-8574 |
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Feb.; Sizing and performance estimation of coal mine drainage wetlands; 0427766; Netherlands 46; file:///C:/Dokumente%20und%20Einstellungen/Stefan/Eigene%20Dateien/Artikel/10596.pdf; Geobase |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 10596 |
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25 |
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Author |
Smit, J.P. |
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Title |
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Type |
Book Whole |
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Year |
1999 |
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Issue |
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Pages |
467-471 |
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Keywords |
experimental studies; ground water; laboratory studies; methods; mine drainage; pollutants; pollution; remediation hydrogeology mining water treatment contamination sulphate economy ettringite acid mine drainage plants agriculture laboratory hydrochemistry |
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International Mine Water Association |
Place of Publication |
Ii |
Editor |
Fernández Rubio, R. |
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Mine, Water & Environment |
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Notes |
The Treatment of polluted Mine Water; 1; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer; FG 'de' 5 Abb., 5 Tab. |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 9909 |
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241 |
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Author |
Pettit, C.M.; Scharer, J.M.; Chambers, D.B.; Halbert, B.E.; Kirkaldy, J.L.; Bolduc, L. |
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Title |
Neutral mine drainage |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Sudbury '99; mining and the environment II; Conference proceedings |
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Keywords |
acid mine drainage drainage geochemistry mining mining geology models neutral mine drainage pH pollution remediation technology water management water quality water resources 22, Environmental geology |
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Abstract |
Acid mine drainage is recognized as a serious environmental issue at mine sites world wide. While sulphate and metal concentrations in acidic drainage can reach exceptionally high levels, these can also be elevated and of concern in neutral drainage from waste rock and tailings. “Neutral mine drainage” (NMD) has not yet received as widespread attention as acid mine drainage (AMD). The oxidation of sulphide minerals and the production of either acidic or neutral contaminated drainage is affected by many factors. This paper examines the specific factors that result in the production of “neutral mine drainage” from mine wastes. Several case studies are presented which involve predictive geochemical modelling to illustrate the possible time frame and magnitude of contaminated neutral drainage. |
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Sudbury Environmental |
Place of Publication |
Sudbury |
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Goldsack, D.; Belzile, N.; Yearwood, P.; Hall, G.J. |
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0886670470 |
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Neutral mine drainage; GeoRef; English; 2000-043769; Sudbury '99; Mining and the environment II--Sudbury '99; L'exploitation miniere et l'environnement II, Sudbury, ON, Canada, Sept. 13-17, 1999 References: 12; illus. incl. 3 tables |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 16589 |
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270 |
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Author |
Niyogi, D.K.; McKnight, D.M.; Lewis, W.M., Jr.; Kimball, B.A. |
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Title |
Experimental diversion of acid mine drainage and the effects on a headwater stream |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Water-Resources Investigations Report |
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Volume |
Wri 99-4018-A |
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Pages |
123-130 |
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Keywords |
abandoned mines acid mine drainage algae benthonic taxa biomass biota Colorado experimental studies heavy metals Lake County Colorado Leadville Colorado metals mines pH Plantae pollution remediation Saint Kevin Gulch Colorado tracers United States USGS water zinc |
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Abstract |
An experimental diversion of acid mine drainage was set up near an abandoned mine in Saint Kevin Gulch, Colorado. A mass-balance approach using natural tracers was used to estimate flows into Saint Kevin Gulch. The diversion system collected about 85 percent of the mine water during its first year of operation (1994). In the first 2 months after the diversion, benthic algae in an experimental reach (stream reach around which mine drainage was diverted) became more abundant as water quality improved (increase in pH, decrease in zinc concentrations) and substrate quality changed (decrease in rate of metal hydroxide deposition). Further increases in pH to levels above 4.6, however, led to lower algal biomass in subsequent years (1995-97). An increase in deposition of aluminum precipitates at pH greater than 4.6 may account for the suppression of algal biomass. The pH in the experimental reach was lower in 1998 and algal biomass increased. Mine drainage presents a complex, interactive set of stresses on stream ecosystems. These interactions need to be considered in remediation goals and plans. |
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ISSN |
0092-332x |
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Notes |
Experimental diversion of acid mine drainage and the effects on a headwater stream; 2; GeoRef: 2001-017199 als Datei vorhanden 4 Abb.; VORHANDEN | AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer |
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no |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 17398 |
Serial |
286 |
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Author |
Miller, S.D. |
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Title |
Overview of acid mine drainage issues and control strategies Remediation and management of degraded lands |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
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Keywords |
acid mine drainage; controls; decontamination; environmental analysis; environmental effects; geochemistry; ground water; land management; lime; oxidation; pH; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; risk assessment; soils; sulfides; surface water; waste disposal; waste management 22, Environmental geology |
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Lewis Publishers |
Place of Publication |
Boca Raton |
Editor |
Wong, M.H.; Wong, J.W.C.; Baker, A.J.M. |
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157504109x |
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Notes |
Overview of acid mine drainage issues and control strategies Remediation and management of degraded lands; GeoRef; English; 2000-057936 |
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no |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 5951 |
Serial |
298 |
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