| Records |
| Author |
Ziemkiewicz, P.F.; Skousen, J.G.; Simmons, J. |
| Title |
Long-term Performance of Passive Acid Mine Drainage Treatment Systems |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year  |
2003 |
Publication |
Mine Water Env. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
22 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
118-129 |
| Keywords |
acidity acid load aerobic wetlands anaerobic wetlands anoxic limestone drains limestone leach beds open limestone channels slag leach beds successive alkalinity producing systems vertical flow wetlands |
| Abstract |
State and federal reclamation programs, mining operators, and citizen-based watershed organizations have constructed hundreds of passive systems in the eastern U.S. over the past 20 years to provide reliable, low cost, low maintenance mine water treatment in remote locations. While performance has been reported for individual systems, there has not been a comprehensive evaluation of the performance of each treatment type for a wide variety of conditions. We evaluated 83 systems: five types in eight states. Each system was monitored for influent and effluent flow, pH, net acidity, and metal concentrations. Performance was normalized among types by calculating acid load reductions and removals, and by converting construction cost, projected service life, and metric tonnes of acid load treated into cost per tonne of acid treated. Of the 83 systems, 82 reduced acid load. Average acid load reductions were 9.9 t/yr for open limestone channels (OLC), 10.1 t/yr for vertical flow wetlands (VFW), 11.9 t/yr for anaerobic wetlands (AnW), 16.6 t/yr for limestone leach beds (LSB), and 22.2 t/yr for anoxic limestone drains (ALD). Average costs for acid removal varied from $83/t/yr for ALDs to $527 for AnWs. Average acid removals were 25 g/m2/day for AnWs, 62 g/m2/day for VFWs, 22 g/day/t for OLCs, 28 g/day/t for LSBs, and 56 g/day/t for ALDs. It appears that the majority of passive systems are effective but there was wide variation within each system type, so improved reliability and efficiency are needed. This report is an initial step in determining passive treatment system performance; additional work is needed to refine system designs and monitoring. |
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1025-9112 |
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| Notes |
Long-term Performance of Passive Acid Mine Drainage Treatment Systems; 1; FG 1 Abb., 7 Tab.; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer |
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no |
| Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 17454 |
Serial |
187 |
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| Author |
Taylor, J.; Waters, J. |
| Title |
Treating ARD; how, when, where and why |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Mining Environmental Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
11 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
6-9 |
| Keywords |
acid mine drainage; acid rock drainage; acidification; alkalinity; carbonate rocks; chemical properties; chemical reactions; coal; disposal barriers; economics; flocculation; ground water; heavy metals; human activity; ion exchange; limestone; mines; oxidation; oxides; permeability; pollution; porosity; pyrolusite; remediation; sedimentary rocks; surface water; waste disposal; waste management; water pollution; water treatment; wetlands 22, Environmental geology |
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0969-4218 |
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Treating ARD; how, when, where and why; 2004-045038; References: 8; illus. incl. 2 tables United Kingdom (GBR); GeoRef; English |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 5528 |
Serial |
225 |
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| Author |
Zinck, J. |
| Title |
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Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
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Issue |
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Pages |
2604-2617 |
| Keywords |
mine water lime treatment high density sludge process co-disposal sludge stability pond disposal backfill leaching mine reclamation |
| Abstract |
Sludge management is an escalating concern as the inventory of sludge continues to grow through perpetual “pump and treat” of acidic waters at mine sites. Current sludge management practices, in general, are ad hoc and frequently do not adress long-term storage, and in some cases, long-term stability. While a variety of sludge disposal practices have been applied, many have not been fully investigated and monitoring data on the performance of these technologies is limited and not readily available. This paper discusses options for treatment sludge management including conventionale disposal technologies and options for reclamation of sludge areas. |
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Proceedings, International Conference of Acid Rock Drainage (ICARD) |
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St. Louis |
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Icard 2006 |
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Disposal, reprocessing and reuse options for acidic drainage treatment sludge; 2; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer; 2 Abb. |
Approved |
no |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17455 |
Serial |
184 |
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| Author |
Simmons, J.A.; Andrew, T.; Arnold, A.; Bee, N.; Bennett, J.; Grundman, M.; Johnson, K.; Shepherd, R. |
| Title |
Small-Scale Chemical Changes Caused by In-stream Limestone Sand Additions to Streams |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Mine Water Env. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
25 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
241-245 |
| Keywords |
acid mine drainage aluminum calcium limestone sand sediment stream liming West Virginia |
| Abstract |
In-stream limestone sand addition (ILSA) has been employed as the final treatment for acid mine drainage discharges at Swamp Run in central West Virginia for six years. To determine the small-scale longitudinal variation in stream water and sediment chemistry and stream biota, we sampled one to three locations upstream of the ILSA site and six locations downstream. Addition of limestone sand significantly increased calcium and aluminum concentrations in sediment and increased the pH, calcium, and total suspended solids of the stream water. Increases in alkalinity were not significant. The number of benthic macroinvertebrate taxa was significantly reduced but there was no effect on periphyton biomass. Dissolved aluminum concentration in stream water was reduced, apparently by precipitation into the stream sediment. |
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1025-9112 |
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Small-Scale Chemical Changes Caused by In-stream Limestone Sand Additions to Streams; 1; FG 4 Abb., 2 Tab.; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer |
Approved |
no |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17420 |
Serial |
248 |
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