| Records |
| Author |
Tsukamoto, T.K.; Miller, G.C. |
| Title |
Methanol as a Carbon Source for Microbiological Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year  |
1999 |
Publication |
Water Res. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
33 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1365-1370 |
| Keywords |
mine water treatment mining activity sulfate-reducing bacteria microbial activity acid mine drainage methanol passive treatment systems sulfate-reducing bacterium sp-nov |
| Abstract |
Sulfate reducing passive bioreactors are increasingly being used to remove metals and raise the pH of acidic waste streams from abandoned mines. These systems commonly use a variety of organic substrates (i.e. manure, wood chips) for sulfate reduction. The effectiveness of these systems decreases as easily accessible reducing equivalents are consumed in the substrate through microbial activity. Using column studies at room temperature (23-26 degrees C), we investigated the addition of lactate and methanol to a depleted manure substrate as a method to reactivate a bioreactor that had lost >95% of sulfate reduction activity. A preliminary experiment compared sulfate removal in gravity fed, flow through bioreactors in which similar masses of each substrate were added to the influent solution. Addition of 148 mg/l lactate resulted in a 69% reduction in sulfate concentration from 300 to 92 mg/l, while addition of 144 mg/l methanol resulted in an 88% reduction in sulfate concentration from 300 to 36 mg/l. Because methanol was found to be an effective sulfate reducing substrate, it was chosen for further experiments due to its inherent physical properties (cost, low freezing point and low viscosity liquid) that make it a superior substrate for remote, high elevation sites where freezing temperatures would hamper the use of aqueous solutions. In these column studies, water containing sulfate and ferrous iron was gravity-fed through the bioreactor columns, along with predetermined methanol concentrations containing reducing equivalents to remove 54% of the sulfate. Following an acclimation period for the columns, sulfate concentrations were reduced from of 900 mg/l in the influent to 454 mg/l in the effluent, that reflects a 93% efficiency of electrons from the donor to the terminal electron acceptor. Iron concentrations were reduced from 100 to 2 mg/l and the pH increased nearly 2 units. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. |
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0043-1354 |
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Apr; Methanol as a Carbon Source for Microbiological Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage; Isi:000079485400004; file:///C:/Dokumente%20und%20Einstellungen/Stefan/Eigene%20Dateien/Artikel/10197.pdf; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 10197 |
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50 |
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| Author |
Robbins, E.I.; Cravotta, C.A.; Savela, C.E.; Nord, G.L. |
| Title |
Hydrobiogeochemical Interactions in 'anoxic' Limestone Drains for Neutralization of Acidic Mine Drainage |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Fuel |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
78 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
259-270 |
| Keywords |
aluminite biofilms epilithic bacteria gibbsite limestone armoring anoxic limestone drains acid mine drainage surface waters iron aluminum bacteria sulfate |
| Abstract |
Processes affecting neutralization of acidic coal mine drainage were evaluated within 'anoxic' limestone drains (ALDs). Influents had pH less than or equal to 3.5 and dissolved oxygen < 2 mg/l. Even though effluents were near neutral (pH > 6 and alkalinity > acidity), two of the four ALDs were failing due to clogging. Mineral-saturation indices indicated the potential for dissolution of calcite and gypsum, and precipitation of Al3+ and Fe3+ compounds. Cleavage mounts of calcite and gypsum that were suspended within the ALDs and later examined microscopically showed dissolution features despite coatings by numerous bacteria, biofilms, and Fe-Al-Si precipitates. In the drain exhibiting the greatest flow reduction, Al-hydroxysulfates had accumulated onlimestone surfaces and calcite etch points, thus causing the decline in transmissivity and dissolution. Therefore, where Al loadings are high and flow rates are low, a pre-treatment step is indicated to promote Al removal before diverting acidic mine water into alkalinity-producing materials. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. |
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0016-2361 |
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Hydrobiogeochemical Interactions in 'anoxic' Limestone Drains for Neutralization of Acidic Mine Drainage; Isi:000078042100020; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17411 |
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261 |
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| Author |
Yernberg, W.R. |
| Title |
Improvements seen in acid-mine-drainage technology |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Min. Eng. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
52 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
67-70 |
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acid mine drainage; bacteria; chemical weathering; coal mines; Colorado; copper ores; effects; geochemistry; hydrogen; inorganic acids; international cooperation; ions; lead ores; medical geology; metal ores; mines; molybdenum ores; oxidation; pH; pollution; prediction; pyrite; reclamation; remediation; research; risk assessment; silicates; soil treatment; solid waste; sulfides; sulfuric acid; Summitville Mine; tailings; tailings ponds; technology; United States; waste disposal; weathering; zinc ores 22, Environmental geology |
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0026-5187 |
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Improvements seen in acid-mine-drainage technology; 2000-069686; illus. incl. sect., sketch map United States (USA); GeoRef; English |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 5808 |
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73 |
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| Author |
Mustikkamaki, U.-P. |
| Title |
Metallipitoisten vesien biologisesta kasittelysta Outokummun kaivoksilla. Metal content treated with biological methods at the Outokummun operation |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Vuoriteollisuus = Bergshanteringen |
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58 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
44-47 |
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acid mine drainage anaerobic environment bacteria biodegradation environmental analysis Europe filters Finland metals Outokummun Mine peat pollutants pollution reduction Scandinavia sediments sulfate ion Western Europe zinc 22, Environmental geology |
| Abstract |
Acid mine drainage (AMD) is one of the most serious environmental problems in the metal-mining industry. AMD is formed by the chemical and bacterial oxidation of sulphide minerals, and it is characterized by low pH values and high sulphate and metals content. The most common method to treat AMD is chemical neutralization. The chemical treatment requires high capital and operating costs and its use is problematic at the closed mines sites. Outokumpu has studied and used sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) as an alternative method for the treatment of AMD. SRB existing in many natural anaerobic aqueous environments can reduce sulphate to sulphide which precipitates metals as extremely insoluble metal sulphides. Full scale experiments were begun in summer 1995 in the Ruostesuo open pit (depth 46 m) by adding liquid manure as a source of bacteria and press-juice as a growth substrate. The average Zn content of the whole column has decreased from 3,5 mg/l to 0,8 mg/l and below 25 m zinc is 0 mg/l. Similar results have been reached with nickel in the Kotalahti old nickel mine, where bacteria were brought in 1996. We have found that the same bacterial mechanism acts in peat-limestone filters, which Outokumpu has built at several mine sites since 1993. |
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0042-9317 |
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Metallipitoisten vesien biologisesta kasittelysta Outokummun kaivoksilla. Metal content treated with biological methods at the Outokummun operation; 2001-069868; illus. incl. 3 tables Finland (FIN); GeoRef; Finnish |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16560 |
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291 |
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Foucher, S.; Battaglia-Brunet, F.; Ignatiadis, I.; Morin, D. |
| Title |
Treatment by sulfate-reducing bacteria of Chessy acid-mine drainage and metals recovery |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Chemical Engineering Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
56 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1639-1645 |
| Keywords |
Acid mine drainage Sulfate-reducing bacteria Sulfide precipitation Hydrogen transfer Fixed bed column reactor |
| Abstract |
Acid-mine drainage can contain high concentrations of heavy metals and release of these contaminants into the environment is generally avoided by lime neutralization. However, this classical treatment is expensive and generates large amounts of residual sludge. The selective precipitation of metals using H2S produced biologically by sulfate-reducing bacteria has been proposed as an alternative process. Here, we report on experiments using real effluent from the disused Chessy-les-Mines mine-site at the laboratory pilot scale. A fixed-bed bioreactor, fed with an H2/CO2 mixture, was used in conjunction with a gas stripping column. The maximum rate of hydrogen transfer in the bioreactor was determined before inoculation. kLa was deduced from measurements of O2 using Higbie and Danckwert's models which predict a dependence on diffusivity. The dynamic method of physical absorption and desorption was used. The maximum rate of H2 transfer suggests that this step should not be a limiting factor. However, an increase in H2 flow rate was observed to induce an increase in sulfate reduction rate. For the precipitation step, the gas mixture from the bioreactor was bubbled into a stirred reactor fed with the real effluent. Cu and Zn could be selectively recovered at pH=2.8 and pH=3.5, respectively. Other impurities such as Ni and Fe could also be removed at pH=6 by sulfide precipitation. Part of the outlet stream from the bioreactor was used to regulate and maintain the pH during sulfide precipitation by feeding the outlet stream back into the bioreactor. The replacement of synthetic medium with real effluent had a positive effect on sulfate reduction rate which increased by 30-40%. This improvement in bacterial efficiency may be related to the large range of oligo-elements provided by the mine-water. The maximum sulfate reduction rate observed with the real effluent was 200 mgl-1 h-1, corresponding to a residence time of 0.9 day. A preliminary cost estimation based on a treatment rate of 5 m3 h-1 of a mine effluent containing 5 gl-1 SO42- is presented. |
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0009-2509 |
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Feb.; Treatment by sulfate-reducing bacteria of Chessy acid-mine drainage and metals recovery; file:///C:/Dokumente%20und%20Einstellungen/Stefan/Eigene%20Dateien/Artikel/10064.pdf; Science Direct |
Approved |
no |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 10064 |
Serial |
54 |
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