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Landers, J. (2006). Bioremediation method could cut cost of treating acid rock drainage. Civil Engineering, 76(7), 30–31.
Abstract: The Gilt Edge Mine in South Dakota's Lawrence County was a gold mine that was abandoned later when its recent owner went bankrupt. Seeking a cost-effective method for treating millions of gallons of acid rock drainage (ARD), CDM partnered with Green World Science, Inc. (GWS) of Boise, Idaho, for the development of an in situ bioremediation process that can be used to remove metals from pit lake water. Recent testing revealed that the in situ bioremediation method can successfully remove metals from highly acidic water without the need to construct costly water treatment facilities.
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Masarczyk, J., Hansson, C. H., Solomon, R. L., & Hallmans, B. (1989). Desalination Plant at Kwk-debiensko, Poland – Advanced Mine Drainage Water-treatment Engineering for Zero Discharge. Desalination, 75(1-3), 259–287.
Abstract: The river water in Poland has, to a great extent, such a high salinity that it cannot be used as drinking water, agricultural or industrial water. A large environmental project is now under progress in Katowice, Poland, in order to eliminate the wastewater discharge from two coal mines — Debiensko and Budryk. The highly brackish water will be desalinated in a reverse osmosis plant, followed by vapor compression distillation with seed crystals (RCC), crystallization and sodium chloride drying. This zero discharge process will produce about 8,000 m3/d drinking water an 370 tonnes/d NaCl. The paper describes the design of the plant. Trial operation of pre-treatment and reverse osmosis in a pilot plant for design of the full-scale plant at Debiensko is described in a separate paper.
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Sastri, V. S. (1975). Reverse osmosis for the treatment of metal waste solutions. Canada Centre For Mineral And Energy Technology Scientific Bulletin, 75-07, 18.
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Bearcock, J. M. (2006). Accelerated precipitation of ochre for mine water remediation. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 70(18), A42.
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Sanders, F., Rahe, J., Pastor, D., & Anderson, R. (1999). Wetlands treat mine runoff. Civil Engineering, 69(1), 53–55.
Abstract: In the late 1890s, silver, lead and zinc deposits were discovered along the headwaters of the Blackfoot River, northeast of Missoula, Mont. Settlers began mining the metals in earnest, and eventually the mines became known as the Upper Blackfoot Mining Complex (UBMC). Many of the mines were operated long enough to supply metals for World War II weaponry, but after the war the mines were abandoned, and by the 1960s, their orange-tainted runoff began to concern both passersby and state officials. In 1991, the state contacted the current owners of several of those mines-including the Mike Horse and the Anaconda-to negotiate a voluntary cleanup. The American Smelting and Refining Co. (ASARCO) and the Atlantic Richfield Co. (ARCO) agreed to remediate the sites' metal-enriched, moderately to severely acidic drainage, which was discharging into the upper Blackfoot River. As part of effort to reclaim the Mike Horse and Anaconda mines, engineers with McCulley, Frick and Gilman Inc. (MFG), Boulder, Colo., developed an integrated, passive wetland treatment system that will take several years to reach full treatment capacity in the high-elevation environment, but will last for decades. (Constructed and restored wetlands have also been part of the remediation of other UBMC mines, such as the Carbonate and Paymaster mines.) The Mike Horse and Anaconda system, designed to meet National Pollutant Discharge Elimination Systems (NPDES) restrictions, concentrates primarily on zinc and iron and, to a lesser extent, on copper, lead and other metals.
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