|
|
Lawrence, R. (2002). Technology reduces sulphur compounds – A new way of treating acid mine drainage. Canadian Mining Journal, 123(7), 27.
|
|
|
|
Bertrand, S. (1997). Performance of a nanofiltration plant on hard and highly sulphated water during two years of operation. Desalination, 113(2-3), 277–281.
Abstract: A highly sulphated, hard water from a flooded iron mine was treated by nanofiltration for the production of drinking water (125 m(3)/h). This paper introduces the context and summarizes the configuration and operating conditions of the plant. The process performance in terms of product water quality and permeability during the first 2 years is presented and discussed.
|
|
|
|
Turek, M., & Gonet, M. (1997). Nanofiltration in the utilization of coal-mine brines. Desalination, 108(1-3), 171–177.
Abstract: The utilization of saline coal mine waters is considered to be the most adequate method of solving ecological problems caused by this kind of water in Poland. In the case of most concentrated waters, the so-called coalmine brines, the method of concentrating by evaporation in a twelve-stage expansion installation or vapour compression is applied, after which sodium chloride is manufactured. A considerable restriction in the utilization of coal mine brines is the high energy consumption in these methods of evaporation. An obstacle in the application of low energy evaporation processes, e.g. multi-stage flash, is the high concentration of calcium and sulfate ions in the coal mine brines. The present paper deals with the application of nanofiltration in the pretreatment of the brine. The application of nanofiltration membranes with an adequate pore size, including charged membranes, makes it possible to decrease the concentration of divalent ions in the permeate practically without any changes in the concentration of sodium chloride. Then the permeate may be concentrated in a multi-stage evaporation process, e.g. MSF, without any risk of the crystallization of gypsum. A combination of NF and MSF ought to set down the unit costs of the concentration of coal mine brines below those of mere evaporation.
|
|
|
|
O'Sullivan, A. D., McCabe, O. M., Murray, D. A., & Otte, M. L. (1999). Wetlands for rehabilitation of metal mine wastes. Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 99b(1), 11–17.
Abstract: Aspects of research work undertaken by the Wetland Ecology Research Group at University College Dublin are summarised here. Wastes from mining activities generally contain high concentrations of heavy metals and other toxic substances. Reclamation methods to treat these wastes include the use of wetlands, for revegetation of mine tailings under flooded conditions and for the treatment of tailings water. Both natural and constructed wetlands are frequently employed for the treatment of mine wastes. Through a complex array of plant, soil and microbial interactions contaminants, such as heavy metals and sulphates, can be successfully removed from wastewater. Suitable vegetation can stabilise the tailings sediment, thereby preventing it from being dust-blown or leached into the surrounding environment. Our research suggests that these two techniques for treatment of mine wastes are successful and economically viable.
|
|
|
|
Henderson, A. (1998). The implementation of paste fill at the Henty Gold Mine. Minefill'98, 98(1), 299–304.
Abstract: The Henty Gold Mine, located ill Western Tasmania uses innovative solutions to effectively manage a mining operation in an environmentally sensitive setting and has been presented with several environmental awards. Fill is required as part of the mining method to provide passive ground support, minimise rock exposure and ensure maximum recovery of the small but high-grade orebody. The use of the whole portion of leach residue in the backfill reduces the surface tailing disposal requirements. Therefore, High Density Paste Fill (HDPF) has been selected as the most appropriate fill method to meet these objectives. Additional benefits include the minimisation of excess water from fill and the subsequent need for the collection and treatment of water and slimes. There are minimal equipment requirements during placement, thereby optimising mine resources for production.
|
|
