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Author |
Walitt, A.; Jasinski, R.; Keilin, B. |
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Title |
Silicate treatment of coal mine refuse piles |
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1970 |
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acid mine drainage; coal; economics; environmental geology; methods; mining; organic residues; pollution; prevention; sedimentary rocks; sodium silicate; solutions; treatment 22, Environmental geology |
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0085-7068 |
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Silicate treatment of coal mine refuse piles; 1976-011512; United States (USA); GeoRef; English |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 6853 |
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221 |
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Norton, P.J. |
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Title |
The Control of Acid Mine Drainage with Wetlands |
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Journal Article |
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1992 |
Publication |
Mine Water Env. |
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11 |
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3 |
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27-34 |
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acid mine drainage construction chemistry artificial wetlands pollution control performance evaluation coal mines pollution control and prevention |
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The recent increases in environmental legislation, especially in the USA'have meant that there is a need on behalf of the mining companies for more judicious operational planning and more thorough restoration techniques in order to reduce costs and prevent violation of the smctly enforced regulations. Water pollution is probably the greatest problem and many less enlightened operators, especially for example, in surface coal milling in Pennsylvania, have been forced into liquidation after having been unable to meet the severe restrictions on Acid Mine Drainage (AMD). The problems of AMD are also inherent in most forms of metalliferous and coal mining and also in some types of aggregate quarrying. As excavations go deeper in search of ever diminishing reserves then they are more likely to encounter groundwater which can become polluted if insufficient care is not taken. It is to be expected that the laws will also become more severe than they are at present in Europe and methods of treatment of AMD will need to be developed that are more efficient than the costly chemical methods currently used. Research by the author and others into the source of AMD pollution and its treatment with engineered wetlands and other operational methods are discussed in the paper. The methods have- the distinct benefit that they are cheap to install, are cost effective over a long period with the minimum of supervision and are environmentally acceptable to the planning and regulatory authorities. |
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The Control of Acid Mine Drainage with Wetlands; 1; 1 Abb.; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17401 |
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284 |
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Author |
Kuyucak, N. |
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Title |
Acid mine drainage prevention and control options |
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Journal Article |
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2002 |
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CIM Bull. |
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95 |
Issue |
1060 |
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96-102 |
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acid mine drainage prevention tailings environment waste sulphides Groundwater problems and environmental effects Pollution and waste management non radioactive Surface water quality Waste Management and Pollution Policy tailings sulfide mining industry waste management |
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Acid mine drainage (AMD) is one of the most significant environmental challenges facing the mining industry worldwide. It occurs as a result of natural oxidation of sulphide minerals contained in mining wastes at operating and closed/decommissioned mine sites. AMD may adversely impact the surface water and groundwater quality and land use due to its typical low pH, high acidity and elevated concentrations of metals and sulphate content. Once it develops at a mine, its control can be difficult and expensive. If generation of AMD cannot be prevented, it must be collected and treated. Treatment of AMD usually costs more than control of AMD and may be required for many years after mining activities have ceased. Therefore, application of appropriate control methods to the site at the early stage of the mining would be beneficial. Although prevention of AMD is the most desirable option, a cost-effective prevention method is not yet available. The most effective method of control is to minimize penetration of air and water through the waste pile using a cover, either wet (water) or dry (soil), which is placed over the waste pile. Despite their high cost, these covers cannot always completely stop the oxidation process and generation of AMD. Application of more than one option might be required. Early diagnosis of the problem, identification of appropriate prevention/control measures and implementation of these methods to the site would reduce the potential risk of AMD generation. AMD prevention/control measures broadly include use of covers, control of the source, migration of AMD, and treatment. This paper provides an overview of AMD prevention and control options applicable for developing, operating and decommissioned mines. |
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Dr. N. Kuyucak, Golder Associates Ltd., Ottawa, Ont., Canada |
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0317-0926 |
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Acid mine drainage prevention and control options; 2419232; Canada 38; Geobase |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17532 |
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64 |
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Author |
Akcil, A.; Koldas, S. |
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Title |
Acid Mine Drainage (AMD): causes, treatment and case studies |
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2006 |
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J. Cleaner Prod. |
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14 |
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12-13 |
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1139-1145 |
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contamination effluents government industrial pollution industrial waste mining industry research initiatives wastewater treatment acid mine drainage environmental problems mining industry government research initiatives contamination civil engineering mining quarrying activity environmental impact acid generating process acid drainage migration prevention measures effluent treatment chemical treatment biological treatment Manufacturing and Production Entwässern=Gelände Umweltbelastung Bauingenieurwesen Bergbau Sickerwasser Steinbruch Säureproduktion Neutralisation Bergbauindustrie technische Forschung Ingenieurswissenschaft Steinbruchabbau Acid Mine Drainage Mining Environmental Chemical and biological treatment |
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This paper describes Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) generation and its associated technical issues. As AMD is recognized as one of the more serious environmental problems in the mining industry, its causes, prediction and treatment have become the focus of a number of research initiatives commissioned by governments, the mining industry, universities and research establishments, with additional inputs from the general public and environmental groups. In industry, contamination from AMD is associated with construction, civil engineering mining and quarrying activities. Its environmental impact, however, can be minimized at three basic levels: through primary prevention of the acid-generating process; secondary control, which involves deployment of acid drainage migration prevention measures; and tertiary control, or the collection and treatment of effluent. |
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0959-6526 |
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Acid Mine Drainage (AMD): causes, treatment and case studies; Science Direct |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17462 |
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36 |
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