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Arango, I. |
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Title |
Evaluation of the beneficial effects of the acidophilic alga Euglena mutabilis on acid mine drainage systems |
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Year |
2002 |
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acid mine drainage atmospheric precipitation benthic taxa bioremediation dissolved materials dissolved oxygen electron microscopy data Euglena mutabilis Green Valley Mine ICP mass spectra Indiana iron mass spectra metals microorganisms mines oxygen pH photochemistry photosynthesis pollution rain remediation sediments soils spectra temperature United States Vigo County Indiana water 22, Environmental geology |
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Abstract |
Euglena mutabilis is an acidophilic, photosynthetic protozoan that forms benthic mats in acid mine drainage (AMD) channels. At the Green Valley mine, western Indiana, E. mutabilis resides in AMD measuring <4.2 pH, with high concentrations of dissolved constituents (up to 22.67 g/l). One of the main factors influencing E. mutabilis distribution is water temperature. The microbe forms thick (>1 mm), extensive mats during spring and fall, when water temperature is between 13 and 28 degrees C. During winter and summer, when temperatures are outside this range, benthic communities have a very patchy distribution and are restricted to areas protected from extreme temperature changes. E. mutabilis also responds to rapid increases in pH, which are associated with rainfall events. During these events pH can increase above 4.0, causing precipitation of Fe and Al oxy-hydroxides that cover the mats. The microbe responds by moving through the precipitates, due to phototaxis, and reestablishing the community at the sediment-water interface within 12 hours. The biological activities of E. mutabilis may have a beneficial effect on AMD systems by removing iron from effluent via oxygenic photosynthesis, and/or by internal sequestration. Photosynthesis by E. mutabilis contributes elevated concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO), up to 17.25 mg/l in the field and up to 11.83 mg/l in the laboratory, driving oxidation and precipitation of reduced metal species, especially Fe (II), which are dissolved in the effluent. In addition, preliminary electro-microscopic and staining analyses of the reddish intracellular granules in E. mutabilis indicate that the granules contain iron, suggesting that E. mutabilis sequesters iron from AMD. Inductive coupled plasma analysis of iron concentration in AMD with and without E. mutabilis also shows that E. mutabilis accelerates the rate of Fe removal from the media. Whether iron removal is accelerated by internal sequestration of iron and/or by precipitation via oxygenic photosynthesis has yet to be determined. These biological activities may play an important role in the natural remediation of AMD systems. |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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Indiana State University, |
Place of Publication |
Terre Haute |
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Evaluation of the beneficial effects of the acidophilic alga Euglena mutabilis on acid mine drainage systems; GeoRef; English; References: 39; illus. incl. 3 tables |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16491 |
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476 |
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Agency, U.S.E.P. |
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2006 |
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Acid mine drainage California Alpine County Bioreactors California Alpine County Bioremediation California Alpine County Hazardous waste site remediation California Alpine County |
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Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency |
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Cincinnati, OH. |
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Compost-free bioreactor treatment of acid rock drainage Leviathan Mine, California : innovative technology evaluation report |
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2 |
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Compost-free bioreactor treatment of acid rock drainage Leviathan Mine, California : innovative technology evaluation report; Cincinnati, OH. : National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency; Opac |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 7248 |
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490 |
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Johnson, D.B.; Hallberg, K.B. |
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Title |
Acid mine drainage remediation options: a review |
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Journal Article |
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2005 |
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Science of the Total Environment |
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338 |
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1-2 |
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3-14 |
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Wetlands and estuaries Pollution and waste management non radioactive geographical abstracts: physical geography hydrology (71 6 8) geological abstracts: environmental geology (72 14 2) biological method pollutant removal water treatment wastewater bioremediation constructed wetland acid mine drainage Cornwall England England United Kingdom Western Europe Europe Eurasia Eastern Hemisphere World Acid mine drainage Bioreactors Bioremediation Sulfidogenesis Wetlands Wheal Jane |
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Acid mine drainage (AMD) causes environmental pollution that affects many countries having historic or current mining industries. Preventing the formation or the migration of AMD from its source is generally considered to be the preferable option, although this is not feasible in many locations, and in such cases, it is necessary to collect, treat, and discharge mine water. There are various options available for remediating AMD, which may be divided into those that use either chemical or biological mechanisms to neutralise AMD and remove metals from solution. Both abiotic and biological systems include those that are classed as “active” (i.e., require continuous inputs of resources to sustain the process) or “passive” (i.e., require relatively little resource input once in operation). This review describes the current abiotic and bioremediative strategies that are currently used to mitigate AMD and compares the strengths and weaknesses of each. New and emerging technologies are also described. In addition, the factors that currently influence the selection of a remediation system, and how these criteria may change in the future, are discussed. |
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0048-9697 |
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Feb. 01; Acid mine drainage remediation options: a review; file:///C:/Dokumente%20und%20Einstellungen/Stefan/Eigene%20Dateien/Artikel/10052.pdf; Science Direct |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17464 |
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47 |
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Author |
Skousen, J. |
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Title |
Overview of passive systems for treating acid mine drainage |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Green Lands |
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27 |
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4 |
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34-43 |
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acid mine drainage; anoxic limestone drains; bioremediation; constructed wetlands; diversion wells; limestone ponds; mitigation; open limestone channels; passive systems; pollution; remediation; successive alkalinity producing systems; technology; wetlands 22, Environmental geology |
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0271-0110 |
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Overview of passive systems for treating acid mine drainage; 2000-019214; References: 59; illus. United States (USA); GeoRef; English |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 6309 |
Serial |
247 |
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Author |
Rees, B.; Bowell, R.; Dey, M.; Williams, K. |
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Title |
Passive treatment; a walk away solution? |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Mining Environmental Management |
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Volume |
9 |
Issue |
2 |
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7-8 |
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acid mine drainage; acidification; alkalinity; bacteria; bioremediation; buffers; chemical reactions; cost; effluents; ferric iron; ferrous iron; filtration; ground water; hydrolysis; iron; metals; monitoring; oxidation; permeability; pH; pollution; remediation; substrates; sulfate ion; suspended materials; water management; water pollution; water quality; water treatment; wetlands 22, Environmental geology |
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0969-4218 |
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Passive treatment; a walk away solution?; 2001-050826; References: 3; illus. United Kingdom (GBR); GeoRef; English |
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no |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 5722 |
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265 |
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