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Author |
Tarutis Jr, W.J.; Stark, L.R.; Williams, F.M. |
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Title |
Sizing and performance estimation of coal mine drainage wetlands |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Ecological Engineering |
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Volume |
12 |
Issue |
3-4 |
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353-372 |
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Keywords |
mine water treatment coal mine drainage constructed wetlands efficiency first-order removal loading rate removal kinetics sizing zero-order removal constructed wetlands water-quality iron kinetics removal model phosphorus retention mechanism design Wetlands and estuaries geographical abstracts: physical geography hydrology (71 6 8) acid mine drainage effluent performance assessment remediation wetland management |
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Abstract |
The effectiveness of wetland treatment of acid mine drainage (AMD) was assessed using three measures of performance: treatment efficiency, area-adjusted removal, and first-order removal. Mathematical relationships between these measures were derived from simple kinetic equations. Area-adjusted removal is independent of pollutant concentration (zero-order reaction kinetics), while first-order removal is dependent on concentration. Treatment efficiency is linearly related to area-adjusted removal and exponentially related to first-order removal at constant hydraulic loading rates (flow/area). Examination of previously published data from 35 natural AMD wetlands revealed that statistically significant correlations exist between several of the performance measures for both iron and manganese removal, but these correlations are potentially spurious because these measures are derived from, and are mathematical rearrangements of, the same operating data. The use of treatment efficiency as a measure of performance between wetlands is not recommended because it is a relative measure that does not account for influent concentration differences. Area-adjusted removal accounts for mass loading effects, but it fails to separate the flow and concentration components, which is necessary if removal is first-order. Available empirical evidence suggests that AMD pollutant removal is better described by first-order kinetics. If removal is first-order, the use of area-adjusted rates for determining the wetland area required for treating relatively low pollutant concentrations will result in undersized wetlands. The effects of concentration and flow rate on wetland area predictions for constant influent loading rates also depend on the kinetics of pollutant removal. If removal is zero-order, the wetland area required to treat a discharge to meet some target effluent concentration is a decreasing linear function of influent concentration (and an inverse function of flow rate). However, if removal is first-order, the required wetland area is a non-linear function of the relative influent concentration. Further research is needed for developing accurate first-order rate constants as a function of influent water chemistry and ecosystem characteristics in order to successfully apply the first-order removal model to the design of more effective AMD wetland treatment systems. |
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W.J. Tarutis Jr., Department of Natural Science, Lackawanna Junior College, 501 Vine Street, Scranton, PA 18509, United States |
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0925-8574 |
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Feb.; Sizing and performance estimation of coal mine drainage wetlands; 0427766; Netherlands 46; file:///C:/Dokumente%20und%20Einstellungen/Stefan/Eigene%20Dateien/Artikel/10596.pdf; Geobase |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 10596 |
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25 |
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Author |
Evangelou, V.P. |
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1995 |
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293 pp |
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solution chemistry surface chemistry acid mine drainage (AMD) molecular oxidation mechanics microbial role, kinetics, control, ameliorates and limitations microencapsulation |
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Pyrite oxidation and its control: solution chemistry, surface chemistry, acid mine drainage (AMD), molecular oxidation mechanisms, microbial role, kinetics, control, ameliorates and limitations, microencapsulation |
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0-8493-4732-7 |
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Pyrite oxidation and its control: solution chemistry, surface chemistry, acid mine drainage (AMD), molecular oxidation mechanisms, microbial role, kinetics, control, ameliorates and limitations, microencapsulation; Boca Raton, Fla. : CRC Press, cop. 1995; Opac |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 6935 |
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385 |
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Brown, M.; Barley, B.; Wood, H. |
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2002 |
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acid mine drainage acidic composition bioremediation case studies chemical composition chemical reactions coal mines concentration constructed wetlands discharge England Europe Great Britain ground water international cooperation ion exchange kinetics legislation mines mining open-pit mining physicochemical properties policy pollution regulations remediation Scotland sulfate ion surface mining surface water tailings techniques technology underground mining United Kingdom Wales waste disposal waste management waste rock water pollution water resources water treatment weathering Western Europe wetlands 22, Environmental geology |
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IWA Publishing |
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London |
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Minewater treatment; technology, application and policy |
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1843390043 |
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Minewater treatment; technology, application and policy; 2006-084782; GeoRef; English; Includes appendices References: 416; illus. |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16503 |
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433 |
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Bridwell, R.J.; Travis, B.J.; Stone, W. |
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Title |
Remediation of acid mine drainage Ground water technology and tasks in the 90's |
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1993 |
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acid mine drainage; ground water; iron sulfides; kinetics; mathematical models; movement; pollutants; remediation; sulfides; water quality 22, Environmental geology |
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Remediation of acid mine drainage Ground water technology and tasks in the 90's; GeoRef; English; 1996-020061; Rocky Mountain ground water conference and 6th annual conference American Water Resource Association, New Mexico Section , on Ground water technology and tasks in the 90's, Albuquerque, NM, United States, Oct. 27-29, 1993 |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 6703 |
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436 |
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Benzaazoua, M.; Bussiere, B. |
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Desulphurization of tailings with low neutralizing potential; kinetic study and flotation modeling |
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Book Chapter |
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1999 |
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Sudbury '99; Mining and the environment II; conference proceedings |
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acid mine drainage chemical properties chemical reactions environmental analysis environmental effects experimental studies flotation geochemistry kinetics laboratory studies mathematical models neutralization pH pollution sulfur tailings 22 Environmental geology 02A General geochemistry |
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Abstract |
Environmental desulphurization is an attractive alternative for acid generating tailings management as demonstrated during the last few years. In fact, such process placed at the end of the primary treatment circuit allows to reduce greatly the amount of problematic tailings by concentrating the sulphidic fraction. Moreover, the desulphurized tailings (non-acid generating) have the geotechnical and environmental properties for being used as fine material in a cover with capillary barrier effects. To produce desulphurized tailings, non selective froth flotation is the most adapted method as shown in many previous works. Desulphurization level is fixed by tailings sulphur content (or sulphide content) and neutralization potential NP. The final residue should have enough NP to compensate for his acid generating potential AP. In this paper, the authors present the results of laboratory tests conducted in Denver cells for studying the sulphide flotation kinetics of four mine tailings which are characterized by a weak neutralization potential (under 37 kg CaCO (sub 3) /t). Tailings 1, 2, 3 and 4 contain respectively 5.27, 10, 4.25 and 16.9 sulphur Wt. %. Tailings 1 and 2 are cyanide free and are well floated at pH around 11 by using amyl xanthate as collector. Collector dosage was optimized for these tailings and the results show that Tailing 2 need more collector. However, Tailings 3 and 4, which come from a gold cyanidation process, could not provide good sulphide recovery with xanthate collector because of the pyrite depression. To overcome this problem, amine acetate was used successfully but induces important entrainment. The consumption of this collector was also optimized. The results of kinetic tests and collector dosage were combined and modeled to establish relationships which allow to estimate the desulphurization performances. |
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Goldsack, D.; Belzile, N.; Yearwood, P.; Hall, G. |
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0886670470 |
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Desulphurization of tailings with low neutralizing potential; kinetic study and flotation modeling; GeoRef; English; 2002-060841; Sudbury '99; Mining and the environment II--Sudbury '99; L'exploitation miniere et l'environnement, Sudbury, ON, Canada, Sept. 13-17, 1999 References: 26; illus. incl. 5 tables |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16572 |
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452 |
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