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Demin, O.A.; Dudeney, A.W.L.; Tarasova, I.I. |
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Title |
Remediation of Ammonia-rich Minewater in Constructed Wetlands |
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Journal Article |
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2002 |
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Environ. Technol. |
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23 |
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5 |
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497-514 |
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constructed wetlands reed beds ammonia removal nitrification woolley colliery horizontal subsurface flow nitrate removal waste-water denitrification nitrification |
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Abstract |
A three-year study of ammonia removal from minewater was carried out employing constructed wetland systems (surface flow wetland and subsurface flow wetland cells) at the former Woolley Mine in West Yorkshire, UK The 1.4 Ha surface flow wetland (constructed in 1995) reduced the ammonia concentration from 3.5 – 4.5 mg l(-1) to < 2 3 mg V during the first half of the study and to essentially zero in the last year (2000 – 2001). About 25 % of contained ammonia was converted to nitrate, about 10 % was consumed by the plants and up to 30 % was converted to nitrogen gas. This maturation effect was attributed to increased depth of sludge from sedimentation of ochre, providing increased surface area for immobilisation of ammonia oxidising bacteria. The surface flow wetland finally removed 23 g m(-2) day(-1) ammonia in comparison with 3.8 g m(-2) day' for the subsurface flow (pea gravel) wetland cells, constructed for the present work and dosed with ammonium salts. Removal of ammonia by both systems was consistent with well-established mechanisms of nitrification and denitrification. It was also consistent with ammonia removal in wastewater wetland systems, although the greater aeration in the minewater systems obviated the need for special aeration cycles. The general role of wetland plants in such aerated conditions was attributed to maintaining hydraulic conditions (such as hydraulic efficiency and hydraulic resistance of substratum in subsurface flow systems) in the wetlands and providing a suspended solids filter for minewater. |
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0959-3330 |
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Remediation of Ammonia-rich Minewater in Constructed Wetlands; Isi:000176238900002; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17328 |
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405 |
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Fischer, R.; Luckner, L.; Peukert, D.; Reißig, H.; Roßbach, B. |
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Einsatz alkalischer Substanzen zur Verbesserung der Wasserqualität in Bergbaukippen. Use of alcine substances for the improvement of water quality in mining areas |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2002 |
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Das Gas und Wasserfach. Ausgabe Wasser, Abwasser |
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143 |
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12 |
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891-898 |
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Abraum Braunkohlenbergbau Pyrit Eisensulfid Sulfidmineral Verwitterung Gewässerschutz Schadstoffbelastung Schwermetalle Sulfat pH-Wert Abwasserbehandlung Enteisenung alkalischer-Abbau chemischer-Abbau Alkalisierung Zusatzstoff Kalk Dolomit Flugasche Umweltbelastung Grundwasser Gewässergüte Eisendisulfitverwitterung Pyritverwitterung Bergbauabwasser Bergbauwasser Sulfatbelastung Undergrundwasserbehandlung alkalischer Stoff alkalische Substanz |
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Eisendisulfidminerale im Abraum von Braunkohlentagebauen können nach ihrer Verwitterung im wiederaufsteigenden Grundwasser erhebliche Güteverschlechterungen hinsichtlich pH-Wert, Schwermetall- und Sulfatgehalt verursachen. Diesen kann durch Zusätze alkalischer Substanzen zum Abraum wie Kalkstein, Dolomit und Kraftwerksasche bzw. Gemischen dieser Stoffe entgegengewirkt werden. Die Ergebnisse entsprechender Untersuchungen sowie die naturwissenschaftlichen Grundlagen der Eisendisulfidverwitterung werden im Beitrag dargestellt und ein Anwendungsbeispiel beschrieben. Grundlagen zur Berechnung der einzusetzenden Kalk- oder Aschemengen (bzw. Gemische der beiden Substanzen) sind die Bestimmung der oxidierbaren Sulfidminerale in den einzelnen geologischen Schichten sowie die Bestimmung der Pufferkapazität der Asche bzw. des Kalksteins. Besonders Vorteilhaft ist der Einsatz alkalischer Substanzen dort, wo durch vorhandene hohe Pyrit- und Markasitkonzentrationen mit einer erheblichen Versauerung des Grundwassers gerechnet und dadurch eine potentielle Beeinträchtigung von Grundwassernutzern erwartet werden muss. Solche Bedingungen sind im Rheinischen Braunkohlerevier, insbesondere im Umfeld des Tagebaus Garzweiler II (RWE Rheinbraun AG) gegeben. Derzeit werden im Tagebau Garzweiler bereits 40000 t Kalkstein dem Abraum beigemischt. Auch für das Lausitzer Braunkohlenrevier könnte ein Einsatz alkalischer Substanzen in Betracht gezogen werden. |
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TU Dresden, DE; Sächsisches Oberbergamt, Dresden, DE; RWE Rheinbraun, Köln, DE; Ingenieurbüro für Wassergütefragen, Dresden, DE; Bundesanstalt für Wasserbau (BAW), Karlsruhe, DE |
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0016-3651 |
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Einsatz alkalischer Substanzen zur Verbesserung der Wasserqualität in Bergbaukippen. Use of alcine substances for the improvement of water quality in mining areas; 27888, BERG , 03.03.03; Words: 569; 200301 05520; 8 Seiten, 3 Bilder, 34 Quellen 3UXX *Belastung von Wasser, Wasserreinhaltung, Abwasser* 3MZ *Bergbau, Tunnelbau, Erdöl /Erdgasförderung, Bohrtechnik* 3BX *chemische Grundlagen* 3PH *Trennen fest/flüssig/gasförm. Stoffe, dispers. Stoffsysteme*; BERG, Copyright FIZ Technik e.V.; DE Deutsch |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17587 |
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379 |
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Kuyucak, N. |
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Title |
Acid mine drainage prevention and control options |
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Journal Article |
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2002 |
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CIM Bull. |
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95 |
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1060 |
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96-102 |
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acid mine drainage prevention tailings environment waste sulphides Groundwater problems and environmental effects Pollution and waste management non radioactive Surface water quality Waste Management and Pollution Policy tailings sulfide mining industry waste management |
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Acid mine drainage (AMD) is one of the most significant environmental challenges facing the mining industry worldwide. It occurs as a result of natural oxidation of sulphide minerals contained in mining wastes at operating and closed/decommissioned mine sites. AMD may adversely impact the surface water and groundwater quality and land use due to its typical low pH, high acidity and elevated concentrations of metals and sulphate content. Once it develops at a mine, its control can be difficult and expensive. If generation of AMD cannot be prevented, it must be collected and treated. Treatment of AMD usually costs more than control of AMD and may be required for many years after mining activities have ceased. Therefore, application of appropriate control methods to the site at the early stage of the mining would be beneficial. Although prevention of AMD is the most desirable option, a cost-effective prevention method is not yet available. The most effective method of control is to minimize penetration of air and water through the waste pile using a cover, either wet (water) or dry (soil), which is placed over the waste pile. Despite their high cost, these covers cannot always completely stop the oxidation process and generation of AMD. Application of more than one option might be required. Early diagnosis of the problem, identification of appropriate prevention/control measures and implementation of these methods to the site would reduce the potential risk of AMD generation. AMD prevention/control measures broadly include use of covers, control of the source, migration of AMD, and treatment. This paper provides an overview of AMD prevention and control options applicable for developing, operating and decommissioned mines. |
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Dr. N. Kuyucak, Golder Associates Ltd., Ottawa, Ont., Canada |
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0317-0926 |
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Acid mine drainage prevention and control options; 2419232; Canada 38; Geobase |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17532 |
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64 |
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Lawrence, R. |
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Technology reduces sulphur compounds – A new way of treating acid mine drainage |
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2002 |
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Canadian Mining Journal |
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123 |
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7 |
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27-27 |
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mine water treatment |
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Technology reduces sulphur compounds – A new way of treating acid mine drainage; Wos:000179123100016; Times Cited: 0; ISI Web of Science |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 8075 |
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120 |
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Scholz, M. |
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Mature experimental constructed wetlands treating urban water receiving high metal loads |
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Journal Article |
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2002 |
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Biotechnology Progress |
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18 |
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6 |
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1257-1264 |
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mine water treatment |
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The aim was to assess over 2 years the treatment efficiencies of vertical-flow wetland filters containing macrophytes and granular media of different. adsorption capacities. Different concentrations of lead and copper sulfate (constant for 1 year each) were added to urban beck inflow water in order to simulate pretreated (pH adjustment assumed) mine wastewater. After 1 year of operation, the inflow concentrations for lead and copper were increased from 1.30 to 2.98 and from 0.98 to 1.93 mg/L, respectively. However, the metal mass load rates (mg/m(2)/d) were increased by a factor of approximately 4.9 for lead and 4.3 for copper. No breakthrough of metals was recorded. Lead and copper accumulated in the biomass of the litter zone and rhizomes of the macrophytes. Furthermore, microbiological activity decreased during the second year of operation. Bioindicators such as ciliated protozoa and zooplankton decreased sharply in numbers but diatoms increased. In conclusion, the use of macrophytes and, adsorption media did not significantly enhance the filtration of lead and copper. Particulate lead is removed by filtration processes including straining. Furthermore, some expensive and time-consuming water quality variables can be predicted with less expensive ones such as temperature in order to reduce sampling costs. |
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Mature experimental constructed wetlands treating urban water receiving high metal loads; Wos:000179760000018; Times Cited: 11; ISI Web of Science |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17032 |
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119 |
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