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Skousen, J.; Rose, A.; Geidel, G.; Foreman, J.; Evans, R.; Hellier, W. |
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Title |
A handbook of technologies for avoidance and remediation of acid mine drainage |
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1998 |
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acid mine drainage bioremediation coal mines constructed wetlands disposal barriers ion exchange mines pollution pumping recharge remediation reverse osmosis surface water technology waste disposal waste management water treatment wetlands 22, Environmental geology |
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Acid Drainage Technology Initiative, A. and R.W.G.U.S. |
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A handbook of technologies for avoidance and remediation of acid mine drainage; 2001-074240; GeoRef; English; References: 72; illus. incl. 5 tables West Virginia University, National Mine Land Reclamation Center, Morgantown, WV, United States |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16615 |
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245 |
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Barton, C.D.; Karathanasis, A.D. |
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Title |
Aerobic and anaerobic metal attenuation processes in a constructed wetland treating acid mine drainage |
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Journal Article |
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1998 |
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Environ Geosci |
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5 |
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2 |
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43-56 |
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acid mine drainage aerobic environment anaerobic environment attenuation chemical fractionation chemical properties concentration constructed wetlands controls degradation detection environmental analysis ferric iron goethite heavy metals iron jarosite Kentucky McCreary County Kentucky metals oxides pollutants pollution seepage soils solubility sulfates surface water United States water treatment wetlands X-ray diffraction data 22, Environmental geology |
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1075-9565 |
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Aerobic and anaerobic metal attenuation processes in a constructed wetland treating acid mine drainage; 2001-034195; References: 41; illus. incl. 1 table United States (USA); GeoRef; English |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16623 |
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61 |
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Barton, C.D.; Karathanasis, A.D. |
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Title |
Aerobic and anaerobic metal attenuation processes in a constructed wetland treating acid mine drainage |
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Book Chapter |
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1997 |
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AAPG Eastern Section and the Society for Organic Petrology joint meeting; abstracts |
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1545 |
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acid mine drainage aerobic environment air-water interface anaerobic environment attenuation buffers constructed wetlands controls diffusion iron manganese metals mineral composition pollution precipitation processes SEM data solubility solution sulfate ion sulfur wetlands X-ray diffraction data 22, Environmental geology |
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The use of constructed wetlands for acid mine drainage amelioration has become a popular alternative to conventional treatment methods, however, the metal attenuation processes of these systems are poorly understood. Precipitates from biotic and abiotic zones of a staged constructed wetland treating high metal load (approx. equal to 1000 mg L (super -1) ) and low pH (approx. 3.0) acid mine drainage were characterized by chemical dissolution, x-ray diffraction, thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Characterization of abiotic/aerobic zones within the treatment system suggest the presence of crystalline iron oxides and hydroxides such as hematite, lepidocrocite, goethite, and jarosite. At the air/water interface of initial abiotic treatment zones, SO (sub 4) /Fe ratios were low enough (<2.0) for the formation of jarosite and goethite, but as the ratio increased due to treatment and subsequent reductions in iron concentration, jarosite was transformed to other Fe-oxyhydroxysulfates and goethite formation was inhibited. In addition, elevated pH conditions occurring in the later stages of treatment promoted the formation of amorphous iron oxyhydroxides. Biotic wetland cell substrate characterizations suggest the presence of amorphous iron minerals such as ferrihydrite and Fe(OH) (sub 3) . Apparently, high Fe (super 3+) activity, low Eh and low oxygen diffusion rates in the anaerobic subsurface environment inhibit the kinetics of crystalline iron precipitation. Some goethite, lepidocrocite and hematite, however, were observed near the surface in biotic areas and are most likely attributable to increased oxygen levels from surface aeration and/or oxygen transport by plant roots. Alkalinity generation from limestone dissolution within the substrate and bacterially mediated sulfate reduction also has a significant role on the mineral retention process. The formation of gypsum, rhodochrocite and siderite are by-products of alkalinity generating reactions in this system and may have an impact on S, Mn, and Fe solubility controls. Moreover, the buffering of acidity through excess alkalinity appears to facilitate the precipitation and retention of metals within the system. |
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AAPG Bulletin |
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81 |
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Aerobic and anaerobic metal attenuation processes in a constructed wetland treating acid mine drainage; GeoRef; English; 1997-067790; AAPG Eastern Section and the Society for Organic Petrology joint meeting, Lexington, KY, United States, Sep. 27-30, 1997 |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 16630 |
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70 |
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Author |
Ye, Z.H.; Whiting, S.N.; Qian, J.H.; Lytle, C.M.; Lin, Z.Q.; Terry, N. |
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Trace element removal from coal ash leachate by a 10-year-old constructed wetland |
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Journal Article |
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2001 |
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J. Environ. Qual. |
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30 |
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5 |
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1710-1719 |
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acid mine drainage; Alabama; ash; bioaccumulation; boron; cadmium; constructed wetlands; environmental analysis; environmental effects; iron; Jackson County Alabama; Juncus effusus; leachate; manganese; metals; pH; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soils; sulfur; trace elements; Typha latifolia; United States; vegetation; waste water; wetlands; Widows Creek; Widows Creek Steam Plant; zinc; Typha; Juncus 22, Environmental geology |
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This study investigated the ability of a 10-yr-old constructed wetland to treat metal-contaminated leachate emanating from a coal ash pile at the Widows Creek electric utility, Alabama (USA). The two vegetated cells, which were dominated by cattail (Typha latifolia L.) and soft rush (Juncus effusus L.), were very effective at removing Fe and Cd from the wastewater, but less efficient for Zn, S, B, and Mn. The concentrations were decreased by up to 99% for Fe, 91% for Cd, 63% for Zn, 61% for S, 58% for Mn, and 50% for B. Higher pH levels (>6) in standing water substantially improved the removing efficiency of the wetland for Mn only. The belowground tissues of both cattail and soft rush had high concentrations of all elements; only for Mn, however, did the concentration in the shoots exceed those in the belowground tissues. The concentrations of trace elements in fallen litter were higher than in the living shoots, but lower than in the belowground tissues. ne trace element accumulation in the plants accounted for less than 2.5% of the annual loading of each trace element into the wetland. The sediments were the primary sinks for the elements removed from the wastewater. Except for Mn, the concentrations of trace elements in the upper layer (0-5 cm) of the sediment profile tended to be higher than the lower layers (5-10 and 10-15 cm). We conclude that constructed wetlands are still able to efficiently remove metals in the long term (i.e., >10 yr after construction). |
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0047-2425 |
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Aug 1; Trace element removal from coal ash leachate by a 10-year-old constructed wetland; 2002-017274; References: 33; illus. incl. 2 tables United States (USA); file:///C:/Dokumente%20und%20Einstellungen/Stefan/Eigene%20Dateien/Artikel/5703.pdf; GeoRef; English |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 5703 |
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76 |
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Author |
Wiseman, I. |
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Title |
Constructed wetlands for minewater treatment |
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2002 |
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125 |
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Sewage Ecology Constructed wetlands — Wales Mineral industries — Waste disposal Mine water Water quality management — Wales Pelenna minewaters Water pollution & oil pollution Hydrology & limnology |
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Environment Agency |
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Bristol, England |
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Constructed wetlands for minewater treatment; Opac |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 7122 |
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207 |
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