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Johnson, D.B.; Hallberg, K.B. |
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Title |
Pitfalls of passive mine water treatment |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2002 |
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Reviews in Environmental Science & Biotechnology |
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1 |
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5 |
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335-343 |
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acid mine drainage acidophilic microorganisms heavy metals iron oxidation iron reduction remediation sulfate reduction wetlands Wheal Jane |
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Abstract |
Passive (wetland) treatment of waters draining abandoned and derelict mine sites has a number of detrac-tions. Detailed knowledge of many of the fundamental processes that dictate the performance and longevity of constructed systems is currently very limited and therefore more research effort is needed before passive treatment becomes an “off-the-shelf” technology. |
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1569-1705 |
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Dec.; Pitfalls of passive mine water treatment; 2; FG als Datei vorhanden 4 Abb., 1 Tab.; VORHANDEN | AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 10138 |
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336 |
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Author |
Arango, I. |
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Title |
Evaluation of the beneficial effects of the acidophilic alga Euglena mutabilis on acid mine drainage systems |
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2002 |
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acid mine drainage atmospheric precipitation benthic taxa bioremediation dissolved materials dissolved oxygen electron microscopy data Euglena mutabilis Green Valley Mine ICP mass spectra Indiana iron mass spectra metals microorganisms mines oxygen pH photochemistry photosynthesis pollution rain remediation sediments soils spectra temperature United States Vigo County Indiana water 22, Environmental geology |
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Euglena mutabilis is an acidophilic, photosynthetic protozoan that forms benthic mats in acid mine drainage (AMD) channels. At the Green Valley mine, western Indiana, E. mutabilis resides in AMD measuring <4.2 pH, with high concentrations of dissolved constituents (up to 22.67 g/l). One of the main factors influencing E. mutabilis distribution is water temperature. The microbe forms thick (>1 mm), extensive mats during spring and fall, when water temperature is between 13 and 28 degrees C. During winter and summer, when temperatures are outside this range, benthic communities have a very patchy distribution and are restricted to areas protected from extreme temperature changes. E. mutabilis also responds to rapid increases in pH, which are associated with rainfall events. During these events pH can increase above 4.0, causing precipitation of Fe and Al oxy-hydroxides that cover the mats. The microbe responds by moving through the precipitates, due to phototaxis, and reestablishing the community at the sediment-water interface within 12 hours. The biological activities of E. mutabilis may have a beneficial effect on AMD systems by removing iron from effluent via oxygenic photosynthesis, and/or by internal sequestration. Photosynthesis by E. mutabilis contributes elevated concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO), up to 17.25 mg/l in the field and up to 11.83 mg/l in the laboratory, driving oxidation and precipitation of reduced metal species, especially Fe (II), which are dissolved in the effluent. In addition, preliminary electro-microscopic and staining analyses of the reddish intracellular granules in E. mutabilis indicate that the granules contain iron, suggesting that E. mutabilis sequesters iron from AMD. Inductive coupled plasma analysis of iron concentration in AMD with and without E. mutabilis also shows that E. mutabilis accelerates the rate of Fe removal from the media. Whether iron removal is accelerated by internal sequestration of iron and/or by precipitation via oxygenic photosynthesis has yet to be determined. These biological activities may play an important role in the natural remediation of AMD systems. |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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Indiana State University, |
Place of Publication |
Terre Haute |
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Evaluation of the beneficial effects of the acidophilic alga Euglena mutabilis on acid mine drainage systems; GeoRef; English; References: 39; illus. incl. 3 tables |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16491 |
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476 |
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The BioSulphide Process to treat acid mine drainage and Anaconda tailings at Caribou Mine, New Brunswick |
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RPT |
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2002 |
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2002-3 |
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138 |
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acid mine drainage base metals bioremediation BioSulfide Process biosulfides Canada Caribou Mine copper Eastern Canada experimental studies heavy metals laboratory studies lead Maritime Provinces metal ores metals New Brunswick pollution recovery remediation sulfides tailings waste management water treatment zinc 22 Environmental geology 27A Economic geology, geology of ore deposits |
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Biomet Mining Corporation, R.B.C.C. |
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The BioSulphide Process to treat acid mine drainage and Anaconda tailings at Caribou Mine, New Brunswick; 2004-045115; GeoRef; English; 1702-2649 illus. |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16509 |
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495 |
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Simmons, J.; Ziemkiewicz, P.; Black, D.C. |
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Title |
Use of Steel Slag Leach Beds for the Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage |
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Journal Article |
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2002 |
Publication |
Mine Water Env. |
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21 |
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2 |
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91-99 |
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acid mine drainage Beaver Creek check dam leach beds leaching metal sequestration mine water leaching procedure open limestone channel steel slag West Virginia |
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Steel slag from the Waylite steel-making plant in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania was leached with acidic mine drainage (AMD) of a known quality using an established laboratory procedure. Leaching continued for 60 cycles and leachates were collected after each cycle. Results indicated that the slag was very effective at neutralizing acidity. The AMD/slag leachates contained higher average concentrations of Ba, V, Mn, Cr, As, Ag, and Se and lower average concentrations of Sb, Fe, Zn, Be, Cd, Tl, Ni, Al, Cu, and Pb than the untreated AMD. Based on these tests, slag leach beds were constructed at the abandoned McCarty mine site in Preston County, West Virginia. The leach beds were constructed as slag check dams below limestone-lined settling basins. Acid water was captured in limestone channels and directed into basins to leach through the slag dams and discharge into a tributary of Beaver Creek. Since installation in October 2000, the system has been consistently producing net alkaline, pH 9 water. The treated water is still net alkaline and has a neutral pH after it encounters several other acidic seeps downstream. |
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1025-9112 |
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Use of Steel Slag Leach Beds for the Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage; 1; FG 20 Abb., 4 Tab.; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17421 |
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249 |
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Author |
Kuyucak, N. |
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Title |
Acid mine drainage prevention and control options |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2002 |
Publication |
CIM Bull. |
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95 |
Issue |
1060 |
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96-102 |
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acid mine drainage prevention tailings environment waste sulphides Groundwater problems and environmental effects Pollution and waste management non radioactive Surface water quality Waste Management and Pollution Policy tailings sulfide mining industry waste management |
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Acid mine drainage (AMD) is one of the most significant environmental challenges facing the mining industry worldwide. It occurs as a result of natural oxidation of sulphide minerals contained in mining wastes at operating and closed/decommissioned mine sites. AMD may adversely impact the surface water and groundwater quality and land use due to its typical low pH, high acidity and elevated concentrations of metals and sulphate content. Once it develops at a mine, its control can be difficult and expensive. If generation of AMD cannot be prevented, it must be collected and treated. Treatment of AMD usually costs more than control of AMD and may be required for many years after mining activities have ceased. Therefore, application of appropriate control methods to the site at the early stage of the mining would be beneficial. Although prevention of AMD is the most desirable option, a cost-effective prevention method is not yet available. The most effective method of control is to minimize penetration of air and water through the waste pile using a cover, either wet (water) or dry (soil), which is placed over the waste pile. Despite their high cost, these covers cannot always completely stop the oxidation process and generation of AMD. Application of more than one option might be required. Early diagnosis of the problem, identification of appropriate prevention/control measures and implementation of these methods to the site would reduce the potential risk of AMD generation. AMD prevention/control measures broadly include use of covers, control of the source, migration of AMD, and treatment. This paper provides an overview of AMD prevention and control options applicable for developing, operating and decommissioned mines. |
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Dr. N. Kuyucak, Golder Associates Ltd., Ottawa, Ont., Canada |
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0317-0926 |
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Acid mine drainage prevention and control options; 2419232; Canada 38; Geobase |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17532 |
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64 |
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