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Hayward, D.; Barnard, R. |
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Title |
Treatment of acid mine wastewaters. Behandlung saurer Grubenwässer |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1993 |
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World Mining Equipment |
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17 |
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6 |
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36-37 |
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Wasseraufbereitung Abwasserbehandlung chemische-Abwasserreinigung Grubenentwässerung Ausfällung Schwermetalle Calciumcarbonat pH-Wert Wasserreinhaltung Grubenwasser |
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Überblick über einschlägige Verfahren zum Ausfällen der sauren Betandteile, Entfernen der Schwermetalle, und Einstellen des pH-Wertes auf einen Wert von 6 bis 9. Hauptsächliche Verfahren zum Ausfällen sind: Ausfällen mit Kalkhydrat (Ca(OH)2), mit Kalkstein, Calcium- oder Natriumsulfid. Durch Abtrennen des Niederschlages in einem Kläreindicker und zusätzliche Reinigung durch Filtrieren kann ein Anteil von 90% der unlöslichen Schwermetallverbindungen entfernt werden. Allgemein wird mit diesem Verfahren ein Standardgehalt von 5 mg/l erreicht. Durch zusätzliche Anwendung physikochemischer Verfahren kann der Schwermetallgehalt weiter gesenkt werden: Mikrofiltration, Umkehrosmose, Elektrodialyse, Ionenaustausch, biochemische und spezielle chemische Verfahren können je nach Eigenart der Grubenwässer verwendet werden. |
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0746-729x |
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Treatment of acid mine wastewaters. Behandlung saurer Grubenwässer; 4737, BERG , 01.01.93; Words: 328; M9311 6018 586; 2 Seiten, 2 Bilder 3UXX *Belastung von Wasser, Wasserreinhaltung, Abwasser* 3MZ *Bergbau, Tunnelbau, Erdöl /Erdgasförderung, Bohrtechnik* 3PH *Trennen fest/flüssig/gasförm. Stoffe, dispers. Stoffsysteme*; BERG, Copyright FIZ Technik e.V.; EN Englisch |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17612 |
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358 |
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Benkovics, I.; Csicsák, J.; Csövári, M.; Lendvai, Z.; Molnár, J. |
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Title |
Mine Water Treatment – Anion-exchange and Membrane Process |
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Journal Article |
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1997 |
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Proceedings, 6th International Mine Water Association Congress, Bled, Slovenia |
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1 |
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149-157 |
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uranium mining Hungary Mecsek Ore Mining Company waste water mine water chemistry nano-filtration reverse osmosis pilot plant mine water treatment treatment |
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Mine Water Treatment – Anion-exchange and Membrane Process; 1; FG 6 Abb., 2 Tab.; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 9530 |
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455 |
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Schoeman, J.J.; Steyn, A. |
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Investigation into alternative water treatment technologies for the treatment of underground mine water discharged by Grootvlei Proprietary Mines Ltd into the Blesbokspruit in South Africa |
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Journal Article |
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2001 |
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Desalination |
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133 |
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1 |
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13-30 |
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underground mine water treatment technologies reverse osmosis electrodialysis reversal ion-exchange water quality brine disposal treatment costs |
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Grootvlei Proprietary Mines Ltd is discharging between 80 and 100 Ml/d underground water into the Blesbokspruit. This water is pumped out of the mine to keep the underground water at such a level as to make mining possible. The water is of poor quality because it contains high TDS levels (2700-3800 mg/l) including high concentrations of iron, manganese, sulphate, calcium, magnesium, sodium and chloride. This water will adversely affect the water ecology in the Blesbokspruit, and it will significantly increase the TDS concentration of one of the major water resources if not treated prior to disposal into the stream. Therefore, alternative water desalination technologies were evaluated to estimate performance and the economics of the processes for treatment of the mine water. It was predicted that water of potable quality should be produced from the mine water with spiral reverse osmosis (SRO). It was demonstrated that it should be possible to reduce the TDS of the mine water (2000-2700-3400-4500 mg/l) to potable standards with SRO (85% water recovery). The capital costs (pretreatment and desalination) for a 80 Ml/d plant (worst-case water) were estimated at US$35M. Total operating costs were estimated at 88.1c/kl. Brine disposal costs were estimated at US$18M. Therefore, the total capital costs are estimated at US$53M. It was predicted that it should be possible to produce potable water from the worst-case feed water (80 Ml/d) with the EDR process. It was demonstrated that the TDS in the feed could be reduced from 4178 to 246 mg/l in the EDR product (65% water recovery). The capital costs (pretreatment plus desalination) to desalinate the worst-case feed water to potable quality with EDR is estimated at US$53.3M. The operational costs are estimated at 47.6 c/kl. Brine disposal costs were estimated at US$42M. Therefore, the total capital costs are estimated at US$95.3 M. It was predicted that it should be possible to produce potable water from the mine water with the GYP-CIX ion- exchange process. It was demonstrated that the feed TDS (2000- 4500 mg/l) could be reduced to less than 240 mg/l (54% water recovery for the worst-case water). The capital cost for an 80 Ml/d ion-exchange plant (worst-case water) was estimated at US$26.7M (no pretreatment). Operational costs were estimated at 60.4 c/kl. Brine disposal costs were estimated at US$55.1M. Therefore, the total desalination costs were estimated at US$81.8M. The capital outlay for a SRO plant will be significantly less than that for either an EDR or a GYP-CIX plant. The operating costs, however, of the RO plant are significantly higher than for the other two processes. Potable water sales, however, will bring more in for the RO process than for the other two processes because a higher water recovery can be obtained with RO. The operating costs minus the savings in water sales were estimated at 17.2; 6.7 and US$8.6M/y for the RO, EDR and GYP-CIX processes, respectively (worst case). Therefore, the operational costs of the EDR and GYP-CIX processes are the lowest if the sale of water is taken into consideration. This may favour the EDR and GYP-CIX processes for the desalination of the mine water. |
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0011-9164 |
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Feb. 10; Investigation into alternative water treatment technologies for the treatment of underground mine water discharged by Grootvlei Proprietary Mines Ltd into the Blesbokspruit in South Africa; Isi:000167087500002; file:///C:/Dokumente%20und%20Einstellungen/Stefan/Eigene%20Dateien/Artikel/10184.pdf; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17480 |
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23 |
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Author |
Orava, D.A.; Swider, R.C. |
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Title |
Inhibiting acid mine drainage throughout the mine life cycle |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1996 |
Publication |
CIM Bull. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
89 |
Issue |
999 |
Pages |
52-56 |
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Keywords |
Umweltschutz Bergbau Erzaufbereitung Exploration Säure Industrieabwasser Oxidation Sulfid Kanada Wasserhaltung Aufbereitungsberge Waschberge |
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The technical knowledge and practical experience accumulated by industry and others in abating acid mine drainage (AMD) is being proactively applied at every phase of the mine life cycle. This paper traces the mine life cycle from exploration to post closure monitoring and maintenance, and reviews AMD abatement measures that have become an integral component of exploration and mining activities. Attention is increasingly being given to evaluating AMD potential as part of exploration work, and studies related to project feasibility and design. Mining, mineral processing and waste management options are selected taking into consideration their suitability to inhibit AMD. These inhibition measures are typically committed to in closure plans submitted at the permitting stage. Mines are operated and decommissioned, often progressively, as planned and in accordance with environmental protection policies. Es wird über das Problem der Säurebildung aus sulfidischen Aufbereitungsbergen und taubem Gestein im Verlauf des Existenzzyklus eines Bergwerkes berichtet. In Kanada werden seit etwa 10 Jahren intensive Forschungen für Vorhersage, Kontrolle und Eindämmung von Saürebildungen im Bergbau betrieben. Schwerpunkt ist dabei die sulfidische Oxidation (2FeS2 + 7O2 = 2FeSO4 + 2H2SO4) unter Einwirkung verschiedener physikalischer, geochemischer und biologischer Faktoren. Diese Reaktion führt zu einem Komplex weiterer chemischer Reaktionen unter Bildung von zusätzlicher Säure und Lösung von Metallen. Daraus ergeben sich zwei Hauptmöglichkeiten diesen Prozeß zu steuern: 1. die Sulfidoxidation verhindern, 2. den Oxidationsprozeß verlangsamen. Mit dem heutigen Wissensstand ist es möglich, das Säurebildungspotential von Aufbereitungsbergen zu bestimmen, den Prozeß der Sulfidoxidation von Mineralen unter bestimmten physikalischen, geochemischen und biologischen Bedingungen zu modellieren und die Säurebildung von Aufbereitungsbergen und sulfidischen Gesteinen einzudämmen. Im einzelnen werden Maßnahmen zur Bewertung des Säurebildungspotentials und zur Kontrolle und Reduzierung dieses Prozesses während der Existenzstadien Exploration, Durchführbarkeitsstudie und Genehmigung, Gewinnung und Stillegung eines Bergwerkes erläutert. An Beispielen wird gezeigt, daß bei rechtzeitgem Erkennen des Säurebildungspotentials in der Phase der Exploration Verfahren und Maßnahmen bezüglich Aufbereitung, Umgang mit Aufbereitungsbergen ausgewählt werden können. |
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SENES Consultants, Richmond Hill, CA; Swider Consulting Engineers, Toronto, CA |
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0317-0926 |
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Inhibiting acid mine drainage throughout the mine life cycle; 11083, BERG , 31.07.96; Words: 383; U9608 0110 586; 5 Seiten, 3 Bilder, 3 Tabellen, 16 Quellen 3UXX *Belastung von Wasser, Wasserreinhaltung, Abwasser* 3ATB *Technikfolgenabschätzung* 3MZ *Bergbau, Tunnelbau, Erdöl /Erdgasförderung, Bohrtechnik* 3AXF *Forschungsentwicklung, Forschungspolitik*; BERG, Copyright FIZ Technik e.V.; EN Englisch |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17610 |
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278 |
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Anonymous |
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Gewässerschutz im Tagebau – sauberes Wasser in den Bach |
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1994 |
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Steinbruch und Sandgrube |
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87 |
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4 |
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32-33 |
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Tagebau Ton=Mineral Grubenentwässerung Abwasserbehandlung Absetzbecken |
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In Tontagebauen sammelt man die durch Tonteilchen verunreinigten Niederschlagsmengen am tiefsten Punkt des Tagebaus und pumpt sie zur Reinigung ab, bevor sie dem normalen Wasserkreislauf wieder zugeführt werden. Die sedimentative Reinigung geschieht durch Tagebausumpf, Beruhigungsbecken und Absetzbecken mit Gegenstromprinzip. Im Tagebau Ludwig Hirsch der Firma Fuchs treten saubere, klare Niederschlagswässer oberflächennah am Tagebaurand aus. Sie werden zwischenzeitlich in Betonschächten gefaßt und über den nahen Vorfluter einem Gewässer dritter Ordnung zugeleitet. Damit werden die Erosion der Tagebauböschung verhindert, der Zentralsumpf entlastet und die Verschleißkosten an Pumpen reduziert. Die Pumpenschächte des Klarwassers werden in die Rückverfüllung eingebunden und so ausgebaut, daß langfristig ein störungsfreies Zufließen gewährleistet ist. Zum Schluß der Rekultivierung werden sie verfüllt. |
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0039-1018 |
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Gewässerschutz im Tagebau – sauberes Wasser in den Bach; 6142, BERG , 01.01.94; Words: 278; M9406 6245 586; 2 Seiten, 5 Bilder 3MZ *Bergbau, Tunnelbau, Erdöl /Erdgasförderung, Bohrtechnik* 3UXX *Belastung von Wasser, Wasserreinhaltung, Abwasser*; BERG, Copyright FIZ Technik e.V.; DE Deutsch |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17611 |
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483 |
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