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Agency, U. S. E. P. (2006). Bioremediation of Acid Mine Drainage Using Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria.
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Agency, U. S. E. P. (2006). Compost-free bioreactor treatment of acid rock drainage Leviathan Mine, California : innovative technology evaluation report, 2. Cincinnati, OH.: Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency.
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Ciftci, H., & Akcil, A. (2006). Asidik maden drenajinin (AMD) giderilmesinde uygulanan biyolojik yontemler. Biological methods applied in the treatment of acid mine drainage (AMD). Madencilik = The = Journal of the Chamber of Mining Engineers of Turkey, 45(1), 35–45.
Abstract: Acidic mine drainage (AMD) is a serious environmental problem in mining areas throughout the world. AMD occurs as a result of the natural oxidation of sulfide minerals when they are exposed to oxygen and water during their disposal and storage at the mining areas. Because it includes low pH and high concentrations of dissolved metals and sulphates, AMD can potentially damage to the environment. If the formation of AMD can't be prevented and controlled, it must be collected and treated to remove acidity and reduce the concentration of heavy metals and suspended solids before its release to the environment. Different types of microorganisms in the treatment of AMD can play a very important role in the development and the application of microbiological prevention, control and treatment technologies. The purpose of this article is to give information about the passive biological methods used in the treatment and the control of AMD and the role of microorganisms in these methods.
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Canty, G. A., & Everett, J. W. (2006). Injection of Fluidized Bed Combustion Ash into Mine Workings for Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage. Mine Water Env., 25(1), 45–55.
Abstract: A demonstration project was conducted to investigate treating acid mine water by alkaline injection technology (AIT). A total of 379 t of alkaline coal combustion byproduct was injected into in an eastern Oklahoma drift coal mine. AIT increased the pH and alkalinity, and reduced acidity and metal loading. Although large improvements in water quality were only observed for 15 months before the effluent water chemistry appeared to approach pre-injection conditions, a review of the data four years after injection identified statistically significant changes in the mine discharge compared to pre-injection conditions. Decreases in acidity (23%), iron (18%), and aluminium (47%) were observed, while an increase in pH (0.35 units) was noted. Presumably, the mine environment reached quasi-equilibrium with the alkalinity introduced to the system.
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Sasaki, K. (2006). Immobilization of Mn(II) ions by a Mn-oxidizing fungus – Paraconiothyrium sp.-like strain at neutral pHs. Mater. Trans., 47(10), 2457–2461.
Abstract: A Mn-oxidizing fungus was isolated from a constructed wetland of Hokkaido (Japan), which is receiving the Mn-impacted drainage, and genetically and morphologically identified as Paraconiothyrium sp.-like strain. The optimum pHs were 6.45-6.64, where is more acidic than those of previously reported Mn-oxidizing fungi. Too much nutrient inhibited fungal Mn-oxidation, and too little nutrient also delayed Mn oxidation even at optimum pH. In order to achieve the oxidation of high concentrations of Mn like mine drainage containing several hundreds g-m(-3) of Mn, it is important to find the best mix ratio among the initial Mn concentrations, inocolumn size and nutrient concentration. The strain has still Mn-tolerance with more than 380 g-m(-3) of Mn, but high Mn(II) oxidation was limited by pH control and supplied nutrient amounts. The biogenic Mn deposit was poorly crystallized birnessite. The strain is an unique Mn-oxidizing fungus having a high Mn tolerance and weakly acidic tolerance, since there has been no record about the property of the strain. There is a potentiality to apply the strain to the environmental bioremediation.
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