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Author |
Kothe, E. |
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Title |
Molecular mechanisms in bio-geo-interaactions: From a case study to general mechanisms |
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Journal Article |
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2005 |
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Chemie Der Erde-Geochemistry |
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65 |
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7-27 |
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mine water treatment |
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The understanding of molecular mechanisms in the cycling of elements in general is essential to our alteration of current processes. One field where such geochemical element cycles are of major importance is the prevention and treatment of acid mine drainage waters (AMD) which are prone to occur in every anthropogenic, modified landscape where sulfidic rock material has been brought to the surface during mine operations. Microbiologically controlled production of AMD leads not only to acidification, but at the same time the dissolution of heavy metals makes them bioavailable posing a potential ecotoxicological risk. The water path then can contaminate surface and ground water resources which leads to even bigger problems in large catchment areas. The investigation of mechanisms in natural attenuation has already provided first ideas for applications of naturally occurring bioremediation schemes. Especially an improved soil microflora can enhance the natural attenuation when adapted microbes are applied to contaminated areas. Future schemes for plant extraction, control of water efflux by increasing evapotranspiration, and by subsequent land use with agricultural plants with biostabilization and phytosequestration potential will provide putative control measures. The mechanisms in parts of these processes have been evaluated and the resulting synthesis applied to derive a bioremediation plan using the former uranium mine in Eastern Thuringia as a case study. (c) 2005 Elsevier GrnbH. All rights reserved. |
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Molecular mechanisms in bio-geo-interaactions: From a case study to general mechanisms; Wos:000233975000002; Times Cited: 0; ISI Web of Science |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16965 |
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114 |
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Burt, R.A.; Caruccio, F.T. |
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Title |
The effect of limestone treatments on the rate of acid generation from pyritic mine gangue |
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Journal Article |
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1986 |
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Environmental geochemistry and health |
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8 |
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8 |
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mine water treatment |
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Surface water enters the Haile Gold Mine, Lancaster County, South Carolina by means of a small stream and is ponded behind a dam and in an abandoned pit. This water is affected by acidic drainage. In spite of the large exposures of potentially acid producing pyritic rock, the flux of acid to the water is relatively low. Nevertheless, the resulting pH values of the mine water are low (around 3.5) due to negligible buffering capacity. In view of the observed low release of acidity, the potential for acid drainage abatement by limestone ameliorants appears feasible. This study investigated the effects of limestone treatment on acid generation rates of the Haile mine pyritic rocks through a series of leaching experiments. Below a critical alkalinity threshold value, solutions of dissolved limestone were found consistently to accelerate the rate of pyrite oxidation by varying degrees. The oxidation rates were further accelerated by admixing solid limestone with the pyritic rock. However, after a period of about a month, the pyrite oxidation rate of the admixed samples declined to a level lower than that of untreated pyrite. Leachates produced by the pyrite and limestone mixtures contained little if any iron. Further, in the mixtures, an alteration of the pyrite surface was apparent. The observed behaviour of the treated pyrite appears to be related to the immersion of the pyrite grains within a high alkalinity/high pH environment. The high pH increases the rate of oxidation of ferrous iron which results in a higher concentration of ferric iron at the pyrite surface. This, in turn, increases the rate of pyrite oxidation. Above a threshold alkalinity value, the precipitation of hydrous iron oxides at the pyrite surface eventually outpaces acid generation and coats the pyrite surface, retarding the rate of pyrite oxidation. |
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0269-4042 |
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Sept; The effect of limestone treatments on the rate of acid generation from pyritic mine gangue; London: Chapman & Hall; file:///C:/Dokumente%20und%20Einstellungen/Stefan/Eigene%20Dateien/Artikel/7021.pdf; Opac |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 7021 |
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14 |
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Chen, M.; Li, L.; Grace, J.; Tazaki, K.; Shiraki, K.; Asada, R.; Watanabe, H. |
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Remediation of acid rock drainage by regenerable natural clinoptilolite |
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Journal Article |
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2007 |
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Water, Air, Soil Pollut. |
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180 |
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1-4 |
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11-27 |
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mine water treatment |
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Clinoptilolite is investigated as a possible regenerable sorbent for acid rock drainage based on its adsorption capacity for Zn, adsorption kinetics, effect of pH, and regeneration performance. Adsorption of Zn ions depends on the initial concentration and pH. Adsorption/Desorption of Zn reached 75% of capacity after 1-2 h. Desorption depended on pH, with an optimum range of 2.5 to 4.0. The rank of desorption effectiveness was EDTAEDTA > NaCl > NaNO3 > NaOAc > NaHCO3 > Na2CO3 > NaOH > CeCa(OH)(2). For cyclic absorption/desorption, adsorption remained satisfactory for six to nine regenerations with EDTA and NaCl, respectively. The crystallinity and morphology of clinoptilolite remained intact following 10 regeneration cycles. Clinoptilolite appears to be promising for ARD leachate treatment, with significant potential advantages relative to current treatment systems. |
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0049-6979 |
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Mar; Remediation of acid rock drainage by regenerable natural clinoptilolite; Wos:000244030000003; Times Cited: 0; ISI Web of Science |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 7319 |
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17 |
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O'Sullivan, A.D.; McCabe, O.M.; Murray, D.A.; Otte, M.L. |
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Wetlands for rehabilitation of metal mine wastes |
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Journal Article |
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1999 |
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Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy |
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99b |
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1 |
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11-17 |
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mine water treatment |
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Aspects of research work undertaken by the Wetland Ecology Research Group at University College Dublin are summarised here. Wastes from mining activities generally contain high concentrations of heavy metals and other toxic substances. Reclamation methods to treat these wastes include the use of wetlands, for revegetation of mine tailings under flooded conditions and for the treatment of tailings water. Both natural and constructed wetlands are frequently employed for the treatment of mine wastes. Through a complex array of plant, soil and microbial interactions contaminants, such as heavy metals and sulphates, can be successfully removed from wastewater. Suitable vegetation can stabilise the tailings sediment, thereby preventing it from being dust-blown or leached into the surrounding environment. Our research suggests that these two techniques for treatment of mine wastes are successful and economically viable. |
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Wetlands for rehabilitation of metal mine wastes; Wos:000083281300003; Times Cited: 4; ISI Web of Science |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17127 |
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130 |
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Schoeman, J.J.; Steyn, A. |
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Investigation into alternative water treatment technologies for the treatment of underground mine water discharged by Grootvlei Proprietary Mines Ltd into the Blesbokspruit in South Africa |
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Journal Article |
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2001 |
Publication |
Desalination |
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133 |
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1 |
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13-30 |
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underground mine water treatment technologies reverse osmosis electrodialysis reversal ion-exchange water quality brine disposal treatment costs |
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Grootvlei Proprietary Mines Ltd is discharging between 80 and 100 Ml/d underground water into the Blesbokspruit. This water is pumped out of the mine to keep the underground water at such a level as to make mining possible. The water is of poor quality because it contains high TDS levels (2700-3800 mg/l) including high concentrations of iron, manganese, sulphate, calcium, magnesium, sodium and chloride. This water will adversely affect the water ecology in the Blesbokspruit, and it will significantly increase the TDS concentration of one of the major water resources if not treated prior to disposal into the stream. Therefore, alternative water desalination technologies were evaluated to estimate performance and the economics of the processes for treatment of the mine water. It was predicted that water of potable quality should be produced from the mine water with spiral reverse osmosis (SRO). It was demonstrated that it should be possible to reduce the TDS of the mine water (2000-2700-3400-4500 mg/l) to potable standards with SRO (85% water recovery). The capital costs (pretreatment and desalination) for a 80 Ml/d plant (worst-case water) were estimated at US$35M. Total operating costs were estimated at 88.1c/kl. Brine disposal costs were estimated at US$18M. Therefore, the total capital costs are estimated at US$53M. It was predicted that it should be possible to produce potable water from the worst-case feed water (80 Ml/d) with the EDR process. It was demonstrated that the TDS in the feed could be reduced from 4178 to 246 mg/l in the EDR product (65% water recovery). The capital costs (pretreatment plus desalination) to desalinate the worst-case feed water to potable quality with EDR is estimated at US$53.3M. The operational costs are estimated at 47.6 c/kl. Brine disposal costs were estimated at US$42M. Therefore, the total capital costs are estimated at US$95.3 M. It was predicted that it should be possible to produce potable water from the mine water with the GYP-CIX ion- exchange process. It was demonstrated that the feed TDS (2000- 4500 mg/l) could be reduced to less than 240 mg/l (54% water recovery for the worst-case water). The capital cost for an 80 Ml/d ion-exchange plant (worst-case water) was estimated at US$26.7M (no pretreatment). Operational costs were estimated at 60.4 c/kl. Brine disposal costs were estimated at US$55.1M. Therefore, the total desalination costs were estimated at US$81.8M. The capital outlay for a SRO plant will be significantly less than that for either an EDR or a GYP-CIX plant. The operating costs, however, of the RO plant are significantly higher than for the other two processes. Potable water sales, however, will bring more in for the RO process than for the other two processes because a higher water recovery can be obtained with RO. The operating costs minus the savings in water sales were estimated at 17.2; 6.7 and US$8.6M/y for the RO, EDR and GYP-CIX processes, respectively (worst case). Therefore, the operational costs of the EDR and GYP-CIX processes are the lowest if the sale of water is taken into consideration. This may favour the EDR and GYP-CIX processes for the desalination of the mine water. |
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0011-9164 |
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Feb. 10; Investigation into alternative water treatment technologies for the treatment of underground mine water discharged by Grootvlei Proprietary Mines Ltd into the Blesbokspruit in South Africa; Isi:000167087500002; file:///C:/Dokumente%20und%20Einstellungen/Stefan/Eigene%20Dateien/Artikel/10184.pdf; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17480 |
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23 |
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