| Records |
| Author |
Eger, P.; Melchert, G.; Wagner, J. |
| Title |
Using passive treatment systems for mine closure – A good approach or a risky alternative? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Min. Eng. |
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| Volume |
52 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages  |
78-83 |
| Keywords |
Pollution and waste management non radioactive Groundwater problems and environmental effects geological abstracts: environmental geology (72 14 2) geomechanics abstracts: excavations (77 10 10) acid mine drainage decommissioning mine waste open pit mine pH remediation |
| Abstract |
In 1991, LTV Steel Mining decided to close an open-pit taconite mine in northeastern Minnesota using a passive-treatment approach consisting of limiting infiltration into the stockpiles and wetland treatment to remove metals. More than 50 Mt (55 million st) of sulfide-containing waste had been stockpiled adjacent to the mine during its 30 years of operation. Drainage from the stockpiles contained elevated levels of copper, nickel, cobalt and zinc. Nickel is the major trace metal in the drainages. Before the closure, the annual median concentrations ranged from 1.5 to 50 mg/L. Copper, cobalt and zinc are also present but they are generally less than 5% of the nickel values. Median pH levels range from 5 to 7.5, but most of the stockpile drainages have pH levels greater than 6.5. Based on the chemical composition of each stockpile, a cover material was selected. The higher the potential that a stockpile had to produce acid drainage, the lower the permeability of the capping material required. Covers ranged from overburden soil removed at the mine to a flexible plastic liner. Predictions of the reduction in infiltration ranged from 40% for the native soil to more than 90% for the plastic liner. Five constructed wetlands have been installed since 1992. They have removed 60% to 90% of the nickel in the drainages. Total capital costs for all the infiltration reduction and wetlands exceeded $6.5 million, but maintenance costs are less than 1% of those for an active treatment plant. Because mine-drainage problems can continue for more than 100 years, the lower annual operating costs should pay for the construction of the wetland-treatment systems within seven years. |
| Address |
P. Eger, Minnesota Dept. of Natural Rsrces., St. Paul, MN, United States |
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0026-5187 |
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Using passive treatment systems for mine closure – A good approach or a risky alternative?; 2285715; United-States 19; Geobase |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17539 |
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392 |
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| Author |
Smit, J.P.; Pretorius, L.E. |
| Title |
The treatment of polluted mine water |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2000 |
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J. Afr. Earth Sci. |
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31 |
Issue |
1 |
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72 |
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1464-343x |
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The treatment of polluted mine water; 1574235052; UB Bayreuth <703> TU Berlin <83> UB Bochum <294> UB Frankfurt/Main <30> TU Freiberg <105> SUB Goettingen <7> TIB/UB Hannover <89> UB Karlsruhe <90> BSB München <12>; OLC-SSG Geowissenschaften – Online Contents-Sondersammelgebiete |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16424 |
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238 |
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| Author |
Yernberg, W.R. |
| Title |
Improvements seen in acid-mine-drainage technology |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Min. Eng. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
52 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
67-70 |
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acid mine drainage; bacteria; chemical weathering; coal mines; Colorado; copper ores; effects; geochemistry; hydrogen; inorganic acids; international cooperation; ions; lead ores; medical geology; metal ores; mines; molybdenum ores; oxidation; pH; pollution; prediction; pyrite; reclamation; remediation; research; risk assessment; silicates; soil treatment; solid waste; sulfides; sulfuric acid; Summitville Mine; tailings; tailings ponds; technology; United States; waste disposal; weathering; zinc ores 22, Environmental geology |
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0026-5187 |
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Improvements seen in acid-mine-drainage technology; 2000-069686; illus. incl. sect., sketch map United States (USA); GeoRef; English |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 5808 |
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73 |
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| Author |
Mustikkamaki, U.-P. |
| Title |
Metallipitoisten vesien biologisesta kasittelysta Outokummun kaivoksilla. Metal content treated with biological methods at the Outokummun operation |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Vuoriteollisuus = Bergshanteringen |
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58 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
44-47 |
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acid mine drainage anaerobic environment bacteria biodegradation environmental analysis Europe filters Finland metals Outokummun Mine peat pollutants pollution reduction Scandinavia sediments sulfate ion Western Europe zinc 22, Environmental geology |
| Abstract |
Acid mine drainage (AMD) is one of the most serious environmental problems in the metal-mining industry. AMD is formed by the chemical and bacterial oxidation of sulphide minerals, and it is characterized by low pH values and high sulphate and metals content. The most common method to treat AMD is chemical neutralization. The chemical treatment requires high capital and operating costs and its use is problematic at the closed mines sites. Outokumpu has studied and used sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) as an alternative method for the treatment of AMD. SRB existing in many natural anaerobic aqueous environments can reduce sulphate to sulphide which precipitates metals as extremely insoluble metal sulphides. Full scale experiments were begun in summer 1995 in the Ruostesuo open pit (depth 46 m) by adding liquid manure as a source of bacteria and press-juice as a growth substrate. The average Zn content of the whole column has decreased from 3,5 mg/l to 0,8 mg/l and below 25 m zinc is 0 mg/l. Similar results have been reached with nickel in the Kotalahti old nickel mine, where bacteria were brought in 1996. We have found that the same bacterial mechanism acts in peat-limestone filters, which Outokumpu has built at several mine sites since 1993. |
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0042-9317 |
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Metallipitoisten vesien biologisesta kasittelysta Outokummun kaivoksilla. Metal content treated with biological methods at the Outokummun operation; 2001-069868; illus. incl. 3 tables Finland (FIN); GeoRef; Finnish |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16560 |
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291 |
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| Author |
Komnitsas, K.; Xenidis, A.; Tabouris, S. |
| Title |
Composite cover for the prevention of acid mine drainage |
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Journal Article |
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2000 |
Publication |
Mining Environmental Management |
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| Volume |
8 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
14-17 |
| Keywords |
acid mine drainage; case studies; dams; Europe; field studies; Greece; Laurion Greece; pollution; preventive measures; remediation; Southern Europe; Sterea Ellas; tailings; tailings dams 22, Environmental geology |
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0969-4218 |
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Composite cover for the prevention of acid mine drainage; 2001-038333; References: 4; illus. incl. 4 tables United Kingdom (GBR); GeoRef; English |
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no |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 5800 |
Serial |
327 |
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