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Akcil, A., & Koldas, S. (2006). Acid Mine Drainage (AMD): causes, treatment and case studies. J. Cleaner Prod., 14(12-13), 1139–1145.
Abstract: This paper describes Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) generation and its associated technical issues. As AMD is recognized as one of the more serious environmental problems in the mining industry, its causes, prediction and treatment have become the focus of a number of research initiatives commissioned by governments, the mining industry, universities and research establishments, with additional inputs from the general public and environmental groups. In industry, contamination from AMD is associated with construction, civil engineering mining and quarrying activities. Its environmental impact, however, can be minimized at three basic levels: through primary prevention of the acid-generating process; secondary control, which involves deployment of acid drainage migration prevention measures; and tertiary control, or the collection and treatment of effluent.
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Nakazawa, H. (2006). Treatment of acid mine drainage containing iron ions and arsenic for utilization of the sludge. Sohn International Symposium Advanced Processing of Metals and Materials, Vol 9, , 373–381.
Abstract: An acid mine drainage in abandoned Horobetsu mine in Hokkaido, Japan, contains arsenic and iron ions; total arsenic ca.10ppm, As(III) ca. 8.5ppm, total iron 379ppm, ferrous iron 266ppm, pH1.8. Arsenic occurs mostly as arsenite (As (III)) or arsenate (As (V)) in natural water. As(III) is more difficult to be remove than As(V), and it is necessary to oxidize As(III) to As(V) for effective removal. 5mL of the mine drainage or its filtrate through the membrane filter (pore size 0.45 mu m) were added to arsenite solutions (pH1.8) with the concentration of 5ppm. After the incubation of 30 days, As(III) was oxidized completely with the addition of the mine drainage while the oxidation did not occur with the addition of filtrate, indicating the microbial oxidation of As(III). In this paper, we have investigated the microbial oxidation of As(III) in acid water below pH2.0.
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Wiseman, I. (2002). Constructed wetlands for minewater treatment. Bristol, England: Environment Agency.
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Anonymous. (1998). Remediation of historical mine sites; technical summaries and bibliography. Littleton: Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration.
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Curi, A. C., Granda, W. J. V., Lima, H. M., & Sousa, W. T. (2006). Zeolites and their application in the decontamination of mine waste water. Informacion Tecnologica, 17(6), 111–118.
Abstract: This paper describes the genesis, structure and classification of natural zeolites, including their most relevant properties such as porosity, adsorption and ionic exchange. The use of natural zeolites in the treatment of effluents containing heavy metals is reviewed based on current literature. These uses are focused on mineral-metallurgical effluents and mercury pollution related to artisan mining activities. The study shows that natural zeolites are efficient in removal of heavy metals in metal mining effluents, can be produced and improved at a low cost, and can also be used to adsorb mercury vapors from ovens used to fire amalgams.
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