| Records |
| Author |
Cram, J.C. |
| Title |
Diversion well treatment of acid water, Lick Creek, Tioga County, PA |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
1996 |
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acid mine drainage acid rain atmospheric precipitation carbonate rocks diversion wells Lick Creek limestone Pennsylvania pH pollution rain sedimentary rocks surface water Tioga County Pennsylvania United States water quality water treatment wells 22, Environmental geology |
| Abstract |
Diversion wells implement a fluidized bed of limestone for the treatment of acid water resulting from acid mine drainage or acid precipitation. This study was undertaken to better understand the operation of diversion wells and to define the physical and chemical factors having the greatest impact on the neutralization performance of the system. The study site was located near Lick Creek, a tributary stream of Babb Creek, near the Village of Arnot in Tioga County, Pennsylvania. Investigative methods included collection and analysis of site water quality and limestone data and field study of this as well as other diversion well sites. Analysis of data led to these general conclusions: The site received surface water influenced by three primary sources 1) precipitation, 2) mine drainage baseflow, and 3) melted snow. Water mostly influenced by precipitation events and mine drainage baseflow was more acidic than water influenced by melting snow conditions. The diversion wells were generally able to treat only half or less of the total stream flow of Lick Creek and under extremely high flow conditions the treatment provided was minimal. A range of flow conditions were identified which produced the best performance for the two diversion wells. Treatment produced by the system decreased through the loading cycle and increases to a maximum value after each weekly refilling of limestone. Fine grained sediment in the stream was found to be limestone of the same general composition as the material placed within the wells. Neutralization of acid water was largely due to microscopic particles rather than the limestone sediment discharged to the stream. Additional downstream buffering due to the limestone sediment physically discharged from the vessels was not apparent. Diversion well systems are inexpensive and simple to construct. In addition, the systems were found to be highly reliable and able to effectively treat acid water resulting from mine drainage and acid precipitation. Diversion wells provide better treatment when the treatment site is located at the source of the acidity (such as a mine discharge), rather than at the receiving stream. Systems should be designed with 15 to 20 feet of hydraulic head and the site must have year-round access. Diversion well systems require weekly addition of limestone gravel to the vessels to facilitate continual treatment. A great deal of commitment is necessary to maintain a diversion well system for long periods of time. These systems are more economical and require less attention that conventional chemical treatment of acid water. However, these systems require more attention that traditional passive treatment methods for treatment of acid, including mine drainage. |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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Pennsylvania State University at University Park, |
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University Park |
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Diversion well treatment of acid water, Lick Creek, Tioga County, PA; GeoRef; English; References: 49; illus. |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16652 |
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411 |
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| Author |
Cox, M.R.; Peterson, G.L. |
| Title |
The effectiveness of in-situ limestone treatment of acid mine drainage Association of Engineering Geologists program with abstracts, 40th annual meeting; Converging at Cascadia |
Type |
Book Chapter |
| Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Annual Meeting – Association of Engineering Geologists, vol.40 |
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93 |
| Keywords |
acid mine drainage; buffers; carbonate rocks; Carboniferous; clastic sediments; gravel; in situ; limestone; Mississippian; Missouri; Paleozoic; pollution; sedimentary rocks; sediments; southwestern Missouri; spoils; tailings ponds; United States; water pollution 22, Environmental geology |
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The effectiveness of in-situ limestone treatment of acid mine drainage Association of Engineering Geologists program with abstracts, 40th annual meeting; Converging at Cascadia; GeoRef; English; 2005-076824; Association of Engineering Geologists 40th annual meeting, Portland, OR, United States, Sept. 30-Oct. 4, 1997 |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 6318 |
Serial |
412 |
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| Author |
Burnett, M.; Skousen, J.G.; Skousen, J.G.; Ziemkiewicz, P.F. |
| Title |
Injection of limestone into underground mines for AMD control |
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Book Chapter |
| Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Acid mine drainage control and treatment |
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acid mine drainage; acidification; alkalinity; carbonate rocks; chemical composition; coal fields; concentration; environmental analysis; environmental management; experimental studies; geologic hazards; ground water; hazardous waste; heavy metals; hydrology; land subsidence; limestone; mines; mining; mining geology; pH; pollution; Preston County West Virginia; reclamation; runoff; sedimentary rocks; Sovern Run Mine; surface water; underground mining; United States; waste management; water quality; West Virginia 22, Environmental geology |
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West Virginia University and the National Mine Land Reclamation Center |
Place of Publication |
Morgantown |
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Injection of limestone into underground mines for AMD control; GeoRef; English; 2004-051160; Edition: 2 References: 2; illus. incl. 1 table |
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no |
| Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 6370 |
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427 |
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Bloom, N.S.; Preus, E.; Kilner, P.I.; von der Geest, E.; Hensman, C.E. |
| Title |
Very efficient removal of toxic metals from acid mine drainage water (Berkeley Pit, Montana) with a recycled alkaline industrial waste product Hardrock mining 2002; issues shaping the industry |
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Book Chapter |
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2002 |
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acid mine drainage; Berkeley Pit; Butte Montana; decontamination; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; industrial waste; metals; mineral composition; Montana; pollution; Silver Bow County Montana; soils; sulfates; surface water; toxic materials; trace metals; United States; waste disposal; water treatment 22 Environmental geology; 02A General geochemistry |
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Very efficient removal of toxic metals from acid mine drainage water (Berkeley Pit, Montana) with a recycled alkaline industrial waste product Hardrock mining 2002; issues shaping the industry; GeoRef; English; 2007-046176; Hardrock mining 2002; issues shaping the industry, Westminster, CO, United States, May 7-9, 2002 U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Washington, DC, United States |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 5625 |
Serial |
445 |
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Becker, G.; Wade, S.; Riggins, J.D.; Cullen, T.B.; Venn, C.; Hallen, C.P. |
| Title |
Effect of Bast Mine treatment discharge on Big Mine Run AMD and Mahanoy Creek in the Western Middle Anthracite Field of Pennsylvania |
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Journal Article |
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2005 |
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abandoned mines acid mine drainage anthracite Ashland Pennsylvania Bast Mine Big Mine Run coal coal fields coal mines Columbia County Pennsylvania discharge geochemistry hydrochemistry hydrology Mahanoy Creek mines Northumberland County Pennsylvania Pennsylvania pollution rivers and streams Schuylkill County Pennsylvania sedimentary rocks surface water United States water quality water treatment Western Middle Anthracite Field 22 Environmental geology 02A General geochemistry |
| Abstract |
The Bast Mine (reopened in 2001) and Big Mine are two anthracite coal mines near Ashland, PA, that were abandoned in the 1930's and that are now causing drastic and opposite effects on the water quality of the streams originating from them. To quantify these effects, multiple samples were taken at 5 different sites: 3 along Big Mine Run and 2 from Mahanoy Creek (1 upstream and 1 downstream of the confluence with Big Mine Run). At each site, one set of the samples was treated with nitric acid for metals survey, one set was acidified with sulfuric acid for nitrate preservation, one set was filtered for sulfate and phosphate tests, and one set was unaltered. Measurements of pH, TDS, dissolved oxygen, and temperature were made in the field. Alkalinity, acidity, hardness, nitrates, orthophosphates and sulfates were analyzed using Hach procedures. Selected metals (Fe, Ni, Mg, Ca, Cu, Zn, Hg, Pb) were analyzed utilizing flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. Drainage from the Bast Mine is actively treated with hydrated lime before the water is piped down to Big Mine Run. pH and alkalinity values were much higher at the outflow compared to those in the water with which it merged. The two waters could be visibly distinguished some distance downstream. pH values decreased, sulfate and dissolved iron increased and alkalinity was reduced to zero until the confluence with Mahanoy Creek. The high alkalinity, turbidity, TDS and calcium values in Mahanoy Creek were somewhat reduced downstream of the confluence with the much lower discharge Big Mine Run. |
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Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America |
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Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 40th annual meeting |
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2006-042616; Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 40th annual meeting, Saratoga Springs, NY, United States, March 14-16, 2005; GeoRef; English |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 16455 |
Serial |
459 |
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