| Records |
| Author |
Bernoth, L.; Firth, I.; McAllister, P.; Rhodes, S. |
| Title |
Biotechnologies for Remediation and Pollution Control in the Mining Industry |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Miner. Metall. Process. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
17 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
105-111 |
| Keywords |
bioremediation pollution control soil contamination solvents oils diesel hydrocarbons cyanide acid rock drainage microbial mats manganese bioremediation oxidation drainage removal water algae |
| Abstract |
As biotechnologies emerge from laboratories into main-stream application, the benefits they, offer are judged against competing technologies and business criteria. Bioremediation technologies have passed this test and are now widely used for the remediation of contaminated soils and ground waters. Bioremediation includes several distinct techniques that are used for the treatment of excavated soil and includes other techniques that are used for in situ applications. They play an important and growingrole in the mining industry for cost-effective waste management and site remediation. Most applications have been for petroleum contaminants, but advances continue to be made in the treatment of more difficult organ ic and inorganic species. This paper discusses the role of biotechnologies in remediation and pollution control from a mining-industry perspective. Several case studies are presented, including the land application of oily wastewater from maintenance workshops, the composting of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils and sludges, the bioventing of hydrocarbon solvents, the intrinsic bioremediation of diesel hydrocarbons, the biotreatment of cyanide in water front a gold mine, and the removal of manganese from acidic mine drainage. |
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0747-9182 |
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Biotechnologies for Remediation and Pollution Control in the Mining Industry; Isi:000087094600005; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer |
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Call Number  |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 17307 |
Serial |
450 |
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| Author |
Greben, H.A.; Matshusa, M.P.; Maree, J.P. |
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Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
2005 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
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Pages |
339-345 |
| Keywords |
water pollution biological Sulphate removal technology sulphate acidity metals treatment technique |
| Abstract |
Mining is implicated as a significant contributor to water pollution, the prime reason being, that pyrites oxidize to sulphuric acid when exposed to air and water. Mine effluents, often containing sulphate, acidity and metals, should be treated to render it suitable for re-use in the mining industry, for irrigation of crops or for discharge in water bodies. This study describes the removal of all three mentioned pollutants in mine effluents, from different origins, containing different concentrations of various metals. The objectives were achieved, applying the biological sulphate removal technology, using ethanol as the carbon and energy source. It was shown that diluting the mine effluent with the effluent from the biological treatment, the pH increased due to the alkalinity in the treated water while the metals precipitated with the produced sulphide. When this treatment regime was changed and the mine water was fed undiluted, it was found that the metals stimulated the methanogenic bacteria (MB) as trace elements. This resulted in a high COD utilization of the MB, such that too little COD was available for the SRB. Metal removal in all three studies was observed and in most instances the metals were eliminated to the required disposal concentration. |
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University of Oviedo |
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Oviedo |
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Loredo, J.; Pendás, F. |
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Mine Water 2005 – Mine Closure |
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84-689-3415-1 |
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The biological Sulphate removal technology; 1; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer; FG 'aha' 3 Abb., 9 Tab. |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17347 |
Serial |
367 |
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| Author |
Kleinmann, R.L.P. |
| Title |
Acid Mine Water Treatment using Engineered Wetlands |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
1990 |
Publication |
Int. J. Mine Water |
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9 |
Issue |
1-4 |
Pages |
269-276 |
| Keywords |
wetlands AMD passive treatment pollution control water treatment abandoned mines biological treatment pH bacterial oxidation wetland sizing sphagnum |
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400 systems installed within 4 years During the last two decades, the United States mining industry has greatly increased the amount it spends on pollution control. The application of biotechnology to mine water can reduce the industry's water treatment costs (estimated at over a million dollars a day) and improve water quality in streams and rivers adversely affected by acidic mine water draining from abandoned mines. Biological treatment of mine waste water is typically conducted in a series of small excavated ponds that resemble, in a superficial way, a small marsh area. The ponds are engineered to first facilitate bacterial oxidation of iron; ideally, the water then flows through a composted organic substrate that supports a population of sulfate-reducing bacteria. The latter process raises the pH. During the past four years, over 400 wetland water treatment systems have been built on mined lands as a result of research by the U.S. Bureau of Mines. In general, mine operators find that the wetlands reduce chemical treatment costs enough to repay the cost of wetland construction in less than a year. Actual rates of iron removal at field sites have been used to develop empirical sizing criteria based on iron loading and pH. If the pH is 6 or above, the wetland area (in2) required is equivalent to the iron. load (grams/day) divided by 10. Theis requirement doubles at a pH of 4 to 5. At a pH below 4, the iron load (grams/day) should be divided by 2 to estimate the area required (in2). |
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0255-6960 |
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Acid Mine Water Treatment using Engineered Wetlands; 1; Fg; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer |
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no |
| Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 17368 |
Serial |
328 |
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| Author |
Niyogi, D.K.; McKnight, D.M.; Lewis, W.M., Jr.; Kimball, B.A. |
| Title |
Experimental diversion of acid mine drainage and the effects on a headwater stream |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Water-Resources Investigations Report |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Wri 99-4018-A |
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Pages |
123-130 |
| Keywords |
abandoned mines acid mine drainage algae benthonic taxa biomass biota Colorado experimental studies heavy metals Lake County Colorado Leadville Colorado metals mines pH Plantae pollution remediation Saint Kevin Gulch Colorado tracers United States USGS water zinc |
| Abstract |
An experimental diversion of acid mine drainage was set up near an abandoned mine in Saint Kevin Gulch, Colorado. A mass-balance approach using natural tracers was used to estimate flows into Saint Kevin Gulch. The diversion system collected about 85 percent of the mine water during its first year of operation (1994). In the first 2 months after the diversion, benthic algae in an experimental reach (stream reach around which mine drainage was diverted) became more abundant as water quality improved (increase in pH, decrease in zinc concentrations) and substrate quality changed (decrease in rate of metal hydroxide deposition). Further increases in pH to levels above 4.6, however, led to lower algal biomass in subsequent years (1995-97). An increase in deposition of aluminum precipitates at pH greater than 4.6 may account for the suppression of algal biomass. The pH in the experimental reach was lower in 1998 and algal biomass increased. Mine drainage presents a complex, interactive set of stresses on stream ecosystems. These interactions need to be considered in remediation goals and plans. |
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0092-332x |
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Experimental diversion of acid mine drainage and the effects on a headwater stream; 2; GeoRef: 2001-017199 als Datei vorhanden 4 Abb.; VORHANDEN | AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer |
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no |
| Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 17398 |
Serial |
286 |
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| Author |
Norton, P.J. |
| Title |
The Control of Acid Mine Drainage with Wetlands |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1992 |
Publication |
Mine Water Env. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
11 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
27-34 |
| Keywords |
acid mine drainage construction chemistry artificial wetlands pollution control performance evaluation coal mines pollution control and prevention |
| Abstract |
The recent increases in environmental legislation, especially in the USA'have meant that there is a need on behalf of the mining companies for more judicious operational planning and more thorough restoration techniques in order to reduce costs and prevent violation of the smctly enforced regulations. Water pollution is probably the greatest problem and many less enlightened operators, especially for example, in surface coal milling in Pennsylvania, have been forced into liquidation after having been unable to meet the severe restrictions on Acid Mine Drainage (AMD). The problems of AMD are also inherent in most forms of metalliferous and coal mining and also in some types of aggregate quarrying. As excavations go deeper in search of ever diminishing reserves then they are more likely to encounter groundwater which can become polluted if insufficient care is not taken. It is to be expected that the laws will also become more severe than they are at present in Europe and methods of treatment of AMD will need to be developed that are more efficient than the costly chemical methods currently used. Research by the author and others into the source of AMD pollution and its treatment with engineered wetlands and other operational methods are discussed in the paper. The methods have- the distinct benefit that they are cheap to install, are cost effective over a long period with the minimum of supervision and are environmentally acceptable to the planning and regulatory authorities. |
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The Control of Acid Mine Drainage with Wetlands; 1; 1 Abb.; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17401 |
Serial |
284 |
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