Stefanoff, J. G., & Kim, Y. K. (1994). Reduction of leachability of heavy metals in acid mine drainage. J. Environ. Sci. Health Part A Environ. Sci. Eng., 29(2), 371–388.
Abstract: The leaching characteristics of sludges from the treatment of acid mine drainage(AMD) from Iron Mountain Mine near Redding, California were compared using two different processes: caustic soda treatment and a modified lime/sulfide treatment process. The modified lime/sulfide process produced a sludge with better dewaterability characteristics than sludge from the caustic soda process. The results of the Cal WET indicated that the modified lime/sulfide process sludge had less leachability than that of sludge from the caustic soda process. Both processes could achieve a substantial reduction of heavy metals in leachate to levels below the federal regulatory limits(TCLP). For cadmium and zinc, however, neither process produced a sludge that met the requirements of the Cal WET procedure.
|
Anonymous. (1994). Gewässerschutz im Tagebau – sauberes Wasser in den Bach. Steinbruch und Sandgrube, 87(4), 32–33.
Abstract: In Tontagebauen sammelt man die durch Tonteilchen verunreinigten Niederschlagsmengen am tiefsten Punkt des Tagebaus und pumpt sie zur Reinigung ab, bevor sie dem normalen Wasserkreislauf wieder zugeführt werden. Die sedimentative Reinigung geschieht durch Tagebausumpf, Beruhigungsbecken und Absetzbecken mit Gegenstromprinzip. Im Tagebau Ludwig Hirsch der Firma Fuchs treten saubere, klare Niederschlagswässer oberflächennah am Tagebaurand aus. Sie werden zwischenzeitlich in Betonschächten gefaßt und über den nahen Vorfluter einem Gewässer dritter Ordnung zugeleitet. Damit werden die Erosion der Tagebauböschung verhindert, der Zentralsumpf entlastet und die Verschleißkosten an Pumpen reduziert. Die Pumpenschächte des Klarwassers werden in die Rückverfüllung eingebunden und so ausgebaut, daß langfristig ein störungsfreies Zufließen gewährleistet ist. Zum Schluß der Rekultivierung werden sie verfüllt.
|
Stark, L. R., & Williams, F. M. (1994). The roles of spent mushroom substrate for the mitigation of coal mine drainage. Compost Science and Utilization, 2(4), 84–94.
Abstract: Spent mushroom substrate (SMS) has been used widely in coal mining regions of the USA as the primary substrate in constructed wetlands for the treatment of coal mine drainage. In laboratory and mesocosm studies, SMS has emerged as one of the substrates for mine water treatment. Provided the pH of the mine water does not fall below 3.0, SMS can be used in the mitigation plan. However, neither Mn nor dissolved ferric Fe appears to be treatable using reducing SMS wetlands. Since after a few years much of the nonrefractive organic carbon in SMS wil have been decomposed and metabolized, carbon supplementation can significantly extend the life of the SMS treatment wetland and improve water treatment. -from Authors
|
Swoboda-Colberg, N., Colberg, P., & Smith, J. L. (1994). Constructed vertical flow aerated wetlands.
Abstract: In the report, wetland technology is described in which the main reactive layer is limestone gravel (rather than organic material) which is overlain by a fine gravel filter and soil. The three-year project included laboratory and field studies. Vertical aerated wetlands, simulated by columns, constructed in the field and in the laboratory, were operated during the project. The report presents a summary of results given in previous reports and summaries of results obtained using water from Butte, MT, and field studies at the Rockford Tunnel, near Idaho Springs, CO.
|
|
Bienvenu, L. (1994). Activites de recherche du ministere des Ressources naturelles du Quebec sur le drainage minier acide; activites realisees dans le cadre de l'Entente auxiliaire Canada-Quebec 1992-1998 sur le developpement mineral; rapport 1993-1994. Research activities of Quebec Natural Resources Ministry on acid mine drainage; research related to the Canada-Quebec agreement 1992-1998 on mineral development; report 1993-1994.
|
