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Masarczyk, J., Hansson, C. H., Solomon, R. L., & Hallmans, B. (1989). Desalination Plant at Kwk-debiensko, Poland – Advanced Mine Drainage Water-treatment Engineering for Zero Discharge. Desalination, 75(1-3), 259–287.
Abstract: The river water in Poland has, to a great extent, such a high salinity that it cannot be used as drinking water, agricultural or industrial water. A large environmental project is now under progress in Katowice, Poland, in order to eliminate the wastewater discharge from two coal mines — Debiensko and Budryk. The highly brackish water will be desalinated in a reverse osmosis plant, followed by vapor compression distillation with seed crystals (RCC), crystallization and sodium chloride drying. This zero discharge process will produce about 8,000 m3/d drinking water an 370 tonnes/d NaCl. The paper describes the design of the plant. Trial operation of pre-treatment and reverse osmosis in a pilot plant for design of the full-scale plant at Debiensko is described in a separate paper.
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