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Author |
Michaud, L.H. |
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Recent technology related to the treatment of acid drainage |
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1994 |
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Earth and Mineral Sciences |
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63 |
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3 |
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53-55 |
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acid mine drainage coal mine remediation passive treatment 3 Geology |
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The generation of acid mine drainage is a serious environmental problem associated with coal mining. The chemistry of acid mine drainage is outlined. The prevention and minimization of acid mine drainage formation is examined. The in situ inhibition and remediation of acid mine drainage is described. Methods for the passive treatment of acid mine drainage after formation are discussed. The design of treatment systems is considered. -P.M.Taylor |
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Recent technology related to the treatment of acid drainage; (1131431); 95k-15099; Using Smart Source Parsing 95. pp; Geobase |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17562 |
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300 |
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Stefanoff, J.G.; Kim, Y.K. |
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Reduction of leachability of heavy metals in acid mine drainage |
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Journal Article |
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1994 |
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J. Environ. Sci. Health Part A Environ. Sci. Eng. |
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29 |
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2 |
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371-388 |
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1 Geography |
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The leaching characteristics of sludges from the treatment of acid mine drainage(AMD) from Iron Mountain Mine near Redding, California were compared using two different processes: caustic soda treatment and a modified lime/sulfide treatment process. The modified lime/sulfide process produced a sludge with better dewaterability characteristics than sludge from the caustic soda process. The results of the Cal WET indicated that the modified lime/sulfide process sludge had less leachability than that of sludge from the caustic soda process. Both processes could achieve a substantial reduction of heavy metals in leachate to levels below the federal regulatory limits(TCLP). For cadmium and zinc, however, neither process produced a sludge that met the requirements of the Cal WET procedure. |
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CH2M HILL, 2525 Airpark Drive, Redding, CA 96001 |
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Reduction of leachability of heavy metals in acid mine drainage; (1009849); 93x-00709; Using Smart Source Parsing; Geobase |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17564 |
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231 |
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Hedin, R.S.; Watzlaf, G.R.; Nairn, R.W. |
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Passive treatment of acid-mine drainage with limestone |
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Year |
1994 |
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J. Environ. Qual. |
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23 |
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6 |
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1338-1345 |
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Carbonate ALD |
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The water treatment performances of two anoxic limestone drains (ALDs) were evaluated. Anoxic limestone drains are buried beds of Limestone that are intended to add bicarbonate alkalinity to flow-through acid mine drainage. Both ALDs received mine water contaminated with Fe2+ (216-279 mg L(-1)) and Mn (41-51 mg L(- 1)). Flow through the Howe Bridge ALD increased alkalinity by an average 128 mg L(-1) (CaCO3 equivalent) and Ca by 52 mg L(- 1), while concentrations of Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, and SO42- were unchanged. The Morrison ALD increased alkalinity by an average 248 mg L(-1) and Ca by 111 mg L(-1). Concentrations of K, Mg, Mn, and SO42- all decreased by an average 17%, an effect attributed to dilution with uncontaminated water. Iron, which decreased by 30%, was partially retained within the Morrison ALD. Calcite dissolution was enhanced at both sites by high P- CO2. Untreated mine waters at the Howe Bridge and Morrison sites had average calculated P-CO2 values of 6.39 kPa (10(- 1.20) atm) and 9.24 kPa (10(-1.04) atm), respectively. At both sites, concentrations of bicarbonate alkalinity stabilized at undersaturated values (SICalcite = 10(-1.2) at Howe Bridge and 10(-0.8) at Morrison) after flowing through approximately half of the limestone beds. Flow through the second half of each ALD had little additional effect on mine water chemistry. At the current rates of calcite solubilization, 17.9 kg d(-1) CaCO3 at Howe Bridge and 2.7 kg d(-1) CaCO3 at Morrison, the ALDs have theoretical effective lifetimes in excess of 20 yr. By significantly increasing alkalinity concentrations in the mine waters; both ALDs increased metal removal in downstream constructed wetlands. |
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0047-2425 |
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Passive treatment of acid-mine drainage with limestone; 2; ISI:A1994PR00300029 als Datei vorhanden 3 Abb., 6 Tab.; VORHANDEN | AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17352 |
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354 |
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Author |
Eger, P. |
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Wetland Treatment for Trace-metal Removal from Mine Drainage – the Importance of Aerobic and Anaerobic Processes |
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Journal Article |
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1994 |
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Water Sci. Technol. |
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29 |
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4 |
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249-256 |
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copper cobalt nickel zinc ion exchange sulfate reduction adsorption acid mine drainage passive treatment |
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When designing wetland treatment systems for trace metal removal, both aerobic and anaerobic processes can be incorporated into the final design. Aerobic processes such as adsorption and ion exchange can successfully treat neutral drainage in overlandflow systems. Acid drainage can be treated in anaerobic systems as a result of sulfate reduction processes which neutralize pH and precipitate metals.Test work on both aerobic and anaerobic systems has been conducted in Minnesota. For the past three years, overland flow test systems have successfully removed copper, cobalt, nickel and zinc from neutral mine drainage. Nickel, which is the major contaminant, has been reduced around 90 percent from 2 mg/L to 0.2 mg/L. A sulfate reduction system has successfully treated acid mine drainage for two years, increasing pH from 5 to over 7 and reducing concentrations of all metals by over 90 percent.Important factors to consider when designing wetlands to remove trace metals include not only the type of wetlandrequired but also the size of the system and the residence time needed to achieve the water quality standards. |
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0273-1223 |
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Wetland Treatment for Trace-metal Removal from Mine Drainage – the Importance of Aerobic and Anaerobic Processes; Isi:A1994nv30000032; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17336 |
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394 |
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