|
Records |
Links |
|
Author |
Juby, G.J.G. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
Desalination of calcium sulphate scaling mine water: Design and operation of the SPARRO process |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Water Sa |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
|
Volume |
22 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
161-172 |
|
|
Keywords |
mine water treatment |
|
|
Abstract ![sorted by Abstract field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
The South African mining industry discharges relatively small quantities of mine service water to the environment, but these effluents contribute substantially to the salt load of the receiving waters. The poor quality of service water also has significant cost implications on the mining operations. Of the two main types of mine service water encountered in the gold mining industry, the so-called calcium sulphate scaling types is found in the majority of cases. Preliminary testwork on this type of water using membrane desalination processes revealed that only the seeded reverse osmosis type of process showed promise. To overcome certain process problems and high operating costs with this system, a novel membrane desalination technique incorporating seeded technology, called the SPARRO (slurry precipitation and recycle reverse osmosis) process, was developed. The novel features of the new process included; a lower linear slurry velocity in the membrane tubes, a lower seed slurry concentration, a dual pumping arrangement to a tapered membrane stack, a smaller reactor and a modified seed crystal and brine blow-down system. Evaluation of the SPARRO process and its novel features, over a five-year period, confirmed its technical viability for desalinating calcium sulphate-scaling mine water. The electrical power consumption of the process was approximately half that of previous designs, significantly improving its efficiency. Membrane performance was evaluated and was generally unsatisfactory with both fouling and hydrolysis dominating at times, although operating conditions for the membranes were not always ideal. The precise cause(s) for the membrane degradation was not established, but a mechanism for fouling (based upon the presence of turbidity in the mine water) and a hypothesis fora possible cause of hydrolysis (alluding to the presence of radionuclides in the mine water) were proposed. Product water from the SPARRO process has an estimated gross unit cost (including capital costs) of 383 c/m(3) (1994). |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
Desalination of calcium sulphate scaling mine water: Design and operation of the SPARRO process; Wos:A1996uh88100009; Times Cited: 5; ISI Web of Science |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 17168 |
Serial |
86 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Sierra-Alvarez, R. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
Biological treatment of heavy metals in acid mine drainage using sulfate reducing bioreactors |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Water Sci. Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
|
Volume |
54 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
179-185 |
|
|
Keywords |
mine water treatment |
|
|
Abstract ![sorted by Abstract field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
The uncontrolled release of acid mine drainage (AMD) from abandoned mines and tailing piles threatens water resources in many sites worldwide. AMD introduces elevated concentrations of sulfate ions and dissolved heavy metals as well as high acidity levels to groundwater and receiving surface water. Anaerobic biological processes relying on the activity of sulfate reducing bacteria are being considered for the treatment of AMD and other heavy metal containing effluents. Biogenic sulfides form insoluble complexes with heavy metals resulting in their precipitation. The objective of this study was to investigate the remediation of AMD in sulfate reducing bioreactors inoculated with anaerobic granular sludge and fed V with an influent containing ethanol. Biological treatment of an acidic (pH 4.0) synthetic AMD containing high concentrations of heavy metals (100 Mg Cu2+vertical bar(-1); 10 mg Ni2+vertical bar(-1), 10 mg Zn2+vertical bar(-1)) increased the effluent pH level to 7.0-7.2 and resulted in metal removal efficiencies exceeding 99.2%. The highest metal precipitation Cn rates attained for Cu, Ni and Zn averaged 92.5, 14.6 and 15.8 mg metal l(-1) of reactor d(-1). The results of this work demonstrate that an ethanol-fed sulfidogenic reactor was highly effective to remove heavy metal contamination and neutralized the acidity of the synthetic wastewater. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
Biological treatment of heavy metals in acid mine drainage using sulfate reducing bioreactors; Wos:000240449300024; Times Cited: 0; ISI Web of Science |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 16943 |
Serial |
106 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Kothe, E. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
Molecular mechanisms in bio-geo-interaactions: From a case study to general mechanisms |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Chemie Der Erde-Geochemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
|
Volume |
65 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
7-27 |
|
|
Keywords |
mine water treatment |
|
|
Abstract ![sorted by Abstract field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
The understanding of molecular mechanisms in the cycling of elements in general is essential to our alteration of current processes. One field where such geochemical element cycles are of major importance is the prevention and treatment of acid mine drainage waters (AMD) which are prone to occur in every anthropogenic, modified landscape where sulfidic rock material has been brought to the surface during mine operations. Microbiologically controlled production of AMD leads not only to acidification, but at the same time the dissolution of heavy metals makes them bioavailable posing a potential ecotoxicological risk. The water path then can contaminate surface and ground water resources which leads to even bigger problems in large catchment areas. The investigation of mechanisms in natural attenuation has already provided first ideas for applications of naturally occurring bioremediation schemes. Especially an improved soil microflora can enhance the natural attenuation when adapted microbes are applied to contaminated areas. Future schemes for plant extraction, control of water efflux by increasing evapotranspiration, and by subsequent land use with agricultural plants with biostabilization and phytosequestration potential will provide putative control measures. The mechanisms in parts of these processes have been evaluated and the resulting synthesis applied to derive a bioremediation plan using the former uranium mine in Eastern Thuringia as a case study. (c) 2005 Elsevier GrnbH. All rights reserved. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
Molecular mechanisms in bio-geo-interaactions: From a case study to general mechanisms; Wos:000233975000002; Times Cited: 0; ISI Web of Science |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 16965 |
Serial |
114 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Ueki, K.; Kotaka, K.; Itoh, K.; Ueki, A. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
Potential availability of anaerobic treatment with digester slurry of animal waste for the reclamation of acid mine water containing sulfate and heavy metals |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
1988 |
Publication |
Journal of Fermentation Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
|
Volume |
66 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
|
|
|
Keywords |
mine water treatment |
|
|
Abstract ![sorted by Abstract field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
The use of an anaerobic digester slurry of cattle waste for the reclamation of acid mine water was examined. When the digester slurry was mixed with acid mine water, anaerobic digestion, including sulfate reduction and methanogenesis, was enhanced. In the mixture of acid mine water and the digester slurry, sulfate reduction proceeded without diminishing methanogenesis. The digester slurry and its supernatant (SDF-sup) showed a significant capacity to act as a strong alkaline reagent, and the pH of the acid mine water was markedly elevated by the addition of the digester slurry of SDF-sup even at the low ratio of 1% (v/v). Precipitation of heavy metals in the acid mine water occurred as the pH was elevated by the addition of SDF-sup. When the digester slurry was added at the ratio of 5% (v/v) to acid mine water which had been pretreated with SDF-sup, the rate of sulfate reduction increased with increasing the concentration of sulfate in the mixture up to about 1,400 mg·l-1. In acid mine water pretreated with SDF-sup and supplemented with the digester slurry at the ratio of 5% (v/v), the maximum amount of sulfate reduced within 20 d of incubation was about 1,000 mg·l-1, and the maximum rate of sulfate reduction was about 120 mg SO42-·l-1·d-1. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0385-6380 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
Potential availability of anaerobic treatment with digester slurry of animal waste for the reclamation of acid mine water containing sulfate and heavy metals; Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier; file:///C:/Dokumente%20und%20Einstellungen/Stefan/Eigene%20Dateien/Artikel/7036.pdf; Opac |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 7036 |
Serial |
75 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Turek, M.; Gonet, M. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
Nanofiltration in the utilization of coal-mine brines |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Desalination |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
|
Volume |
108 |
Issue |
1-3 |
Pages |
171-177 |
|
|
Keywords |
Entsalzung Entsalzungsanlage Umkehrosmose Membran Kohlenbergwerk Natriumchlorid Abwasser Verdampfung Energieverbrauch Nanofiltration mine water treatment |
|
|
Abstract ![sorted by Abstract field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
The utilization of saline coal mine waters is considered to be the most adequate method of solving ecological problems caused by this kind of water in Poland. In the case of most concentrated waters, the so-called coalmine brines, the method of concentrating by evaporation in a twelve-stage expansion installation or vapour compression is applied, after which sodium chloride is manufactured. A considerable restriction in the utilization of coal mine brines is the high energy consumption in these methods of evaporation. An obstacle in the application of low energy evaporation processes, e.g. multi-stage flash, is the high concentration of calcium and sulfate ions in the coal mine brines. The present paper deals with the application of nanofiltration in the pretreatment of the brine. The application of nanofiltration membranes with an adequate pore size, including charged membranes, makes it possible to decrease the concentration of divalent ions in the permeate practically without any changes in the concentration of sodium chloride. Then the permeate may be concentrated in a multi-stage evaporation process, e.g. MSF, without any risk of the crystallization of gypsum. A combination of NF and MSF ought to set down the unit costs of the concentration of coal mine brines below those of mere evaporation. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0011-9164 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
Feb; Nanofiltration in the utilization of coal-mine brines; Wos:A1997wk45600023; Times Cited: 1; file:///C:/Dokumente%20und%20Einstellungen/Stefan/Eigene%20Dateien/Artikel/8724.pdf; ISI Web of Science |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 8724 |
Serial |
29 |
|
Permanent link to this record |