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Wildeman, T. R., Bednar, A. J., Gusek, J. J., & Pinto, A. (2002). A review of the passive treatment of arsenic Hardrock mining 2002; issues shaping the industry..
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Gusek, J. J., & Wildeman, T. R. (1995). New developments in passive treatment of acid rock drainage Pollution prevention for process engineering. In P. E. Richardson, B. J. Scheiner, & Jr. F. Lanzetta (Eds.),. New York: Engineering Foundation.
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Anonymous, Unten, L., Wildeman, T. R., & Gusek, J. J. (1998). Passive treatment for contaminants in mine waters Effluent treatment in the mining industry. In S. H. Castro, F. Vergara, & M. A. Sanchez (Eds.),. Concepcion: University of Concepcion.
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Gusek, J. J. (1995). Passive-treatment of acid rock drainage: what is the potential bottom line? Min. Eng., 47(3), 250–253.
Abstract: Passive-treatment systems that mitigate acid-rock drainage from coal mines have been operating since the mid-1980s. Large systems at metal mines are being contemplated. A typical man-made passive-treatment-system can mimic a natural wetland by employing the same geochemical principles. Passive-treatment systems, however, are engineered to optimize the biogeochemical processes occurring in a natural wetland ecosystem. The passive-treatment methodology holds promise over chemical neutralization because large volumes of sludge are not generated. Metals may be precipitated as oxides, sulfides or carbonates in the passive-treatment system substrate. The key goal of a passive-treatment system is the long-term immobilization of metals in the substrate materials. The passive-treatment technique may not be applicable in all mine-drainage situations. -from Author
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Gusek, J. J. (2005). Design challenges for large scale sulfate reducing bioreactors. Contaminated Soils, Sediments and Water: Science in the Real World, Vol 9, 9, 33–44.
Abstract: The first large-scale (1,200 gpm capacity), sulfate-reducing; bioreactor (SRBR) was constructed in 1996 to treat water from an underground lead mine in Missouri. Other large-scale SRBR systems have been built elsewhere since then. This technology holds much promise for economically treating heavy metals and has progressed steadily from the laboratory to industrial applications. Scale-up challenges include: designing for seasonal temperature variations, minimizing short circuits, changes in metal loading rate s, storm water impacts, and resistance to vandalism. However, the biggest challenge may be designing for the progressive biological degradation of the organic substrate and its effects on the hydraulics of the SRBR cells.
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